The Modern Orthodox Intellectual

I find it really tiresome in Modern Orthodox life how its rabbis go about picking on Artscroll (a hugely succesful chareidi press) for the tiniest of mistakes.

Another symptom of this is when Modern Orthodox rabbis go off on Agriprocessors.

Agriprocessors is run by chareidim so it feels really good beating up on it for unethical practices, but what do you expect from a slaughter house? You think you’ll find a bunch of tender souls there? If you truly want to be ethical about what you eat, be a vegetarian.

Meat is the product of violence as are children. All sex contains an element of violence. The better the sex, the more violent.

If you think Artscroll sucks, then produce your own prayer books and chumashim — tasks beyond the Modern Orthodox intellect.

Rabbi Yitzchak EtShalom is always going off on Artscroll for inaccuracies whose significance I rarely grasp.

The point seems to be that we Modern Orthodox care about truth while the chareidim (ultra-Orthodox) prefer legends.

What’s particularly stupid about this is that from the perspective of secular scholarship, belief in the historicity of the Exodus and the unitary nature of the Torah (core beliefs of Modern Orthodoxy) are the equivalent of belief in Santa Claus.

So the idea that Modern Orthodoxy in particular or Judaism in general is any more rational and fact-based than Chareidi Judaism or Christianity is pure delusion. They all demand leaps of faith not just beyond reason but against reason.

I remember when I was speaking on the telephone with Rabbi Yitzhock Adlerstein circa 1992 and I was so confused when he said "medrish" instead of "midrash" and I asked him why he did that and he chuckled and I think he said something about that’s how the yeshiva world speaks.

Professor Marc B. Shapiro writes:

People often refer to me as a Modern Orthodox intellectual. There are actually quite a number of us out there. If you hear someone using words like “ontological,” “existential,” “mimetic,” and now, “tergiversation”[2] you can assume he in in our club. Also, another telltale sign is that when we give divrei Torah you will hear us refer to Philo, the Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha (if we are confident that we can pronounce the word properly[3]), Shadal, or Cassutto.[4] Of course, we are careful to only say Midrash, and never Medrish, as the latter pronunciation is a sure sign of a Philistine.

It is no secret that Modern Orthodox intellectuals like to look down on Artscroll, and to let others know about this. So we must find places where Artscroll makes mistakes. It is not enough to point to the vastly different historical conceptions between us and Artscroll; we need to find places where Artscroll simply got it wrong (for one such example see here). This will show that even if they are conquering the world, they shouldn’t think that they are so brilliant. I am not speaking about the Artscroll Talmud (which we use when no one is looking) or the Artscroll “History” series, which is not popular with the Modern Orthodox.[5] I am referring to the Artscroll siddur and chumash which have taken over the Orthodox world. (The Modern Orthodox intellectuals must have been so busy these last twenty years producing articles read by each other that it never occurred to them to produce their own siddur and chumash.)[6]

But finding these errors is easier said than done. I am not referring to run-of the-mill errors, but the sort that will impress people at your Shabbat table. That way you can show them that you are a Modern Orthodox intellectual, and not afraid to stand up to Artscroll, this generation’s anti-Messiah. Artscroll is the Goliath, and if it can be felled, then Feldheim, Targum and certainly the minor leaguers at Aish Ha-Torah will be that much easier to take down. If the obscurantists are not yet shaking in their feet, once they see our ever-forthcoming translation of the Arukh ha-Shulhan, which will bring back the 1950’s and the “mimetic tradition”, this will put them in their place.

As I state, it is not so easy to find the perfect mistake. One could point out that in the Artscroll siddur, p. 320, it refers to a “responsa” of Maimonides, when the word they should have used is “responsum.” But this clearly won’t do the trick. After all, no one assumes that Artscroll is an expert in English; it is because Artscroll is expert in Jewish things that it has become so popular. For a while I thought that I could impress those ever-impressionable Shabbat guests by pointing out that contrary to what the Arscroll siddur, p. 870, states, R. Eleazar Kalir was not a tanna. But again, this is not something that most people care about. Besides, someone always ended up pointing out that no less than Tosafot claims that he was a tanna, and my protestations about what Shir proved were always met with blank stares, for what does a Prague song have to do with anything?

And what about when I showed people that in the chumashim printed until 1999, Lord Jakobovits, who died in that year, is referred to as Emeritus Chief Rabbi of the British Empire (see one of the first pages of the chumash where it lists the important people involved with Artscroll). On the title page of Hertz’s chumash he is referred to as “Late Chief Rabbi of the British Empire,” and the Jakobovits reference might be trying to parallel this. All my protestations that Jakobovits was never Chief Rabbi of an Empire (which had ceased to exist before he came into office) but of a Commonwealth have never found anyone showing much interest. (The technical title is Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth. The title is more grandiose than the office. At most, there are 300,000 Jews in the United Kingdom (as, at present, no one in Australia, Canada, Zambia, etc. looks to the British Chief Rabbi for religious guidance). Subtract the unaffiliated, Reform and Masorti from this, and then subtract the Haredim and the Sephardim and this will give you the number of Jews represented by the Chief Rabbi.)

…It is easy to see why the Artscroll siddur replaced the Birnbaum. It is simply better, i.e., much more complete (although I wonder who gave them the crazy idea to put the English in italics). But I am not sure what makes the Artscroll chumash “better” than Hertz. It is different, to be sure, but I think that a typical Modern Orthodox congregation would still be well-served by Hertz, if not exclusively, certainly in addition to Artscroll. I don’t understand why all the Hertz chumashim were carted away, never to be seen again. The RCA chose to make the Artscroll siddur its siddur (adding in the prayers for the government, the State of Israel, and the IDF). The fact that the first RCA siddur, edited by De Sola Pool and published in 1960, never achieved lasting popularity, and Artscroll was willing to put aside its anti-Zionist ideology when presented with the possibility of selling hundreds of thousands of siddurim, no doubt influenced the RCA to go with a tried and true product. (I understand Arscroll leaving out the prayer for Israel, but how did the haredi community come to the view that the prayer for the government is not “frum”.and thus is neither recited nor included in the siddur?). The RCA’s reluctance to actually produce a new siddur on their own was probably influenced by the controversy that ensued when their first siddur was released. This siddur was banned by Agudas ha-Rabbanim. One of the reasons was that the Song of Songs appeared with a literal translation, and this no doubt helps explain Artscroll’s method of translation of this text. For details on the ban, see see Ha-Pardes, Feb. 1961.

Let me also note that in his 1987 introduction to the RCA Artscroll siddur, RCA president Rabbi Milton Polin wrote about the original De Sola Pool RCA Siddur, that it “has been reprinted many times since its original publication and continues in use in most large Orthodox congregations.” I don’t believe the last part of this sentence is correct. In fact, even if there were some large congregations that used the original RCA siddur as the “official” shul siddur, Birnbaum certainly outnumbered De Sola Pool 10-1 in this respect.

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The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch – A Book To Put You Off Judaism

One of the first Jewish books I studied was the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch.

Marc B. Shapiro writes: "When I was young everyone seemed to study it. It has been reprinted numerous times and also translated into many languages. According to the Encyclopedia Judaica, it went through fourteen editions in the author’s lifetime, which I think is a record for halakhic works. Yet today, I don’t know anyone who uses it as a work of practical halakhah."

Marc B. Shapiro writes about the Brisker Rav: "Once he was served something which, while kosher, did not measure up to his standards. Upon learning of this, he immediately stuck his finger down his throat, causing himself to throw up on the host’s expensive rug. Rather than this upsetting the host, we are told that this further increased his admiration for the Brisker Rav."

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Studies in Maimonides and His Interpreters

Marc B. Shapiro has a new book out: "Studies in Maimonides and His Interpreters"
 
Included in the book is a short "Note on Maimonides and Muhammad" following censorship that occurred in his "Islam and the Halakhah," Judaism 42:3 (Summer 1993): 332-343, about which Shapiro writes:
 The "Note on Maimonides and Muhammad" found at the end of the English section requires a bit of explanation, as it speaks to the times in which we live and the sometimes precarious state of scholarship when it comes up against larger political forces. In 1993, I published an article in Judaism entitled "Islam and the Halakhah." In the version of the article submitted to the journal, I mentioned that Maimonides referred to Muhammad as a "madman," and in a few lines I also explained the origin of the term. When the article appeared in print, however, I was surprised to find that this had been removed without my knowledge. Naively, I thought that this was an innocent mistake, and I inquired as to what had happened. Imagine my shock when I was told that my article had been censored because the journal did not want to publish anything that could be seen as offensive to Muslims! While some may see this as understandable in the wake of the Salman Rushdie episode, it was nevertheless a betrayal of scholarship, which cannot be guided by political correctness. I would hope that any Muslims who see the "Note on Maimonides and Muhammad" will understand that its intent is not to insult their prophet, but rather to clarify a historical issue.
Studies in Maimonides and His Interpreters is available for purchase here at Amazon.com.
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I’m Boycotting The Summer Olympics

I want to protest China’s treatment of Tibet and the situation in Darfur (that regime is propped up by the Chinese commies).

You won’t see me at the opening ceremonies or any ceremony in China.

I’m taking a moral stand.

I’d send an email but I don’t know who to send it to.

Fred emails:

Sir–

I want you to know that since you are my moral leader, I am following your example.  I also will neither attend nor compete in this summer’s Olympics in Beijing.

I thank you for your moral guidance regarding this issue.  I feel that I am a better person.

On a completely different note, I ran across a dating website that holds great promise for finding that special someone.  Check out http://www.zombieharmony.com/

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The Klinik

Here’s a new documentary from Burt Kearns and his business partner Brett Hudson:

“I don’t want to make a film that says the American way is bad or doesn’t work. Doctors here do great things.  They do save lives.

“I want to show that when it comes to cancer, there are alternatives, and recovery begins when you take your destiny into your own hands.”

So says Brett Hudson, director, writer, producer and narrator of The Klinik, a nonfiction film that shows how a groundbreaking combination of therapies is able to beat cancer without the brutal side effects of conventional treatments.

Brett Hudson should know. A television and pop music star who found a second career as a television and film producer, his life changed in the summer of 2007, when he was diagnosed with Stage Four throat cancer.

With too much on his plate to let it stop him, and eager to remove the tumor for good, he gave himself over to the American medical establishment.

And plunged into Hell.

After weeks of grueling chemotherapy that shrunk his frame, took his hair, sapped his energy and wracked him with nausea that no medical marijuana could ease, all he could look forward to were brutal radiation treatments that would do irreparable damage to his body… possibly take his voice… or even kill him.

And then he got a call from Cher.

Yes, that Cher.

Brett’s old friend from his days as a Seventies television star told him there was a better way. 

It wasn’t the American way.  But it was a way that could kill his cancer– and not kill him in the process.

The treatment would be far more precise and less invasive than what is offered in the States. 

It would attack the tumor and not batter his body.  Brett wouldn’t lose his taste buds, his larynx, or have to learn to swallow again. 

Brett was learning what his Hollywood colleagues had known for years:  Doctors at The Klinik did what U.S. doctors could not.

Days before he was set to be strapped to a table in Los Angeles for the first of seventy radiation blasts, Brett Hudson booked his trip.

His destination: a small private hospital in a charming village at the foot of the Alps

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Obama’s VP List Gets Shorter

From the Charlotte Observer:

Or, as an Opinion blog on the L.A. Times web site said Wednesday, “Barack Obama’s VP shortlist might have gotten shorter.”

Don Fowler of Columbia, a former Democratic National Chairman, agreed.

"Any kind of report like this, unless there is some absolute proof that it is not true, will be believed by some people," he said, "and the degree to which it seems to have credibility will be believed by more people. And when you select somebody to be vice presidential candidate the number one rule of everything is, you sure as hell don’t want somebody who will hurt you."

The Enquirer story was mentioned Wednesday night on CNN’s Glenn Beck show. But for the most part, the mainstream media has ignored it. Bloggers have taken note.

Slate’s Jack Shafer called it a double standard, and contrasted it with press coverage of Idaho Sen. Larry Craig, who was arrested arrested at an airport last year “for playing footsies in a toilet stall.”

To Enquirer editor David Perel, the blogosphere is closer to the mainstream than traditional media.

“‘Mainstream’ media is a misnomer, the amount of attention the story is getting online is huge,” he told me Thursday. “Basically, new media is leading the way on this, and that’s going to continue to happen.”

I asked Perel about photos or eyewitness accounts. He wouldn’t talk about that.

“Well, stay tuned, that’s all I can say,” he said. “Everything’s done incrementally. So I’m not going to tell you exactly what our process is. Perhaps my time frame is different than your time frame. I’m not worried about the rest of the media. I’m worried about us.”

Perel called it “an extremely difficult story to work. “We wanted to continue with it until we found a smoking gun. I basically wanted to catch him in the act and that’s what we did. Got day and date, time and place.”

Fowler suggested the story could hurt Edwards more than other politicians.

"If you had this rumor about Bill Clinton it probably wouldn’t cause a ripple," he said. "But given John Edwards and his public relationship with his wife, something close to a model of the perfect family and their perfect relationship, it would hurt that much more."

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Any Parent Endure Orientation Week Recently?

Major universities such as USC, UCLA, Occidental, and UC-San Diego now have orientation weeks for the parents of incoming freshmen. Any reader of mine endure this?

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An Interview With Yael Katzir, Director Of ‘Praying In Her Own Voice’

1. Why did I choose to make the film

For many years I am dealing with topics that concern womens’ role in our society.
In 2000 I did a documentary on the role of women in the army – the sterotype Macho club.
To this film I came by chance when I dicovered a group of Jewish- Israeli women praying in the old city of Jerusalem in the ruins of a crusader church from the 13th Century.
It was so bizare that I decided to follow them. I started research and then started to film. I followed them for four years but the movie covers only two years.
I chose to make the film because I felt an urge almost an irresistable impulse to become the mouthpiece of this group in their struggle to have a voice and the right to read, the freedom to have knowledge. I am a secular jew, and yet I think that every citizen have the right to pray in his own voice and manner, even though I don’t pray at all. The dictatorship of the ultra orthodox in Israel is a threat to freedom. The fact that women are treated as second class citizens, this is what compelled me to do the film. 

2. Did I have a point of view – and did it change over time

I have a liberal democratic POV. Namely I believe in human rights and freedom of expression in every domain of life including religion.
My point of view did not change much but my viewing of reality received a twist of sadness as I shared with women of the wall the fact that they were defeated in the supreme court. I felt that this fight must go on as women are 50% of the population.

3. Differences in reaction in Israel and US 

In Israel, secular people ar shocked. They didn’t know how violent women can become to women.
The TV chanels did accept the film as it has a powerful criticism of what is going on in the wailing wall.
In America the issue is exteremly hot as most of the Jews belong to more liberal comunities and they don’t want to be excluded like the women of the wall from the right to pray at the Kotel.   

4.My obstacles

I had a number of obstacles: 
1. My husband didn’t think that this is an important topic
2. I didn’t get money from the Israeli film funds
3. Shooting was tough as there were many occasions when we were violently attacked by the  hate, screamings and fists of the ultra-Orthodox women.
4. The reactions to the movie that most surprise me were: those of young people in India. They understood and Identified with the women whose voice is repressed and their need to read from the Torah and have joy in their worship are rejected by man.
I believe  that in 2008 it is impossible to accept women as doctors, attorneys, judges, politicians, and have the same women banned to sit at the back of the bus. This is a disgrace to the future of Judaism. Women were present when Moses gave the Torah and they should be together with men to continue to be the carriers of it.

A FEW HOURS LATER, YAEL EMAILS:

Dear Luke, 

I probably was too tired when I have written to you last night. 

If this is OK allow me please to add a few points which I failed to include. 

The passage or journey that I went through was rather an eye opener. 

I did the film for the Israeli public and as a protest against the way women are treated. But in the course of doing the film I realized that there is also another issue and that is the question of who is a Jew and what is Judaism in  modern times. In the famous debate about identity what are we in Israel — Jewish first or Israeli first? My answer and unquestioned attitude was that I am a Jew first and an Israeli second. (My husband is Israeli first.)

When I did the film I felt that my long given answer to the question is not satisfactory. On the contrary, the Ultra Orthodox people curse me together with the women of the wall as being a goy or even worse, a person ruining Judaism.
So the film has created for me an opportunity to restructre my personal identity and deepen my conception of what is Judaism – or what it ought to be in the 21st century.

Yes I believe in the unity of the Jewish people. This is the one and only code word for survival (Kol Israel Arevim ze laze = all Israel are responsible each one for the other). In today’s world there must be space for all Jews and for a diversity of religious practice. Reading of the Torah depends on interpretations and traditions and as much as the Jews were dispersed among the nations and collected various traditions so it should be accepted that more than one custom will prevail. 

What happened in the course of the making of the film is that I realized that the film is not only for Israelis but also for the Diaspora Jews if we want to remain one people. My son Dan and Ravit suggested that I open the film and adjust it to the American Jewry and I did it (with all the resulting extra labor and cost that it required).

I hope that the screening of the film with the right echo here in the US will open the doors and more important the hearts of people in Israel to understand that there is more than one road to the gates of heaven. Moreover no one should forget the women were also present at Mount Sinai when the whole people of Israel was given the task to carry the Torah…

At the end of this journey I find myself not one of the Women of the Wall but an more ardent jew who wants to read his Torah and sing and pray to good with enthusiam although I am a woman!

I also must add that without the encouragement of my students, some of whom observers, I could have never brought the film to the finish line.

LUKE FORD EMAILS YAEL:

Do you feel any irony that you have become so passionate over these religious questions when you are not religious?

Do not the ultra-Orthodox have the right to control the Wall as they are the ones who daven the most and study the most Torah and observe Torah the most keenly?

Was there any proponent of the traditional perspective that you felt much sympathy for?

Yael responds:

Dear Luke,
The kotel belongs to all the jewish people and not to one group.
Even in the days of the 2ed temple the jews were not a solid state unit, and the temple was shared by all.
So I think that all the jews especially the majority of them should not be excluded. the ultra orthodox are a minority, and they should be tolerant to other jews. when Hitler sent people to the Gas chambers he didn’t ask them which synagogue they went to and many of those burt were not going to schule at all.

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Expanding The Laws Of Kosher

From The Jewish Press:

We certainly hold no brief for any company or business enterprise shown to have run afoul of the law. And if AgriProcessors has done so in terms of employing undocumented workers, it will, and should, have to suffer the consequences.
 
But in pursuing some of the threads running through the AgriProcessors controversy, one is struck by how the basic concepts of shechita and kashrut — the laws governing the slaughter and consumption of animals – have been appropriated and rendered well nigh unrecognizable by those with a rather elastic (and in some case agenda-driven) view of what kashrut should entail.
 
It will be recalled that several years ago, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) sent in some private investigators to shoot video footage of the slaughtering process at the AgriProcessors plant in Postville, Iowa. The images they produced were obviously gory — animal slaughter is not a pleasant thing.
 
Given that AgriProcessors is the largest kosher slaughterer in the U.S., the videos became a cause celebre.  And while some violations were subsequently found and corrected, the matter did not end there. The AgriProcessors story was spun not so much as the alleged violations of an individual company but as an indictment of the kosher slaughter enterprise in its entirety. Questions were raised as to how the work product of a company could be deemed "kosher" if the animals were treated in a way that offended PETA’s sensibilities.
 
Some time later, the Forward did an “expose” on AgriProcessors’ alleged mistreatment of employees. The story was based largely on interviews with workers and union organizers who were in the midst of a bitter fight to unionize the plant. Again there was questioning as to how the AgriProcessors product could be considered “kosher” if there was worker abuse — which was accepted as fact.
 
At that point the Conservative movement came up with the notion of a “Hechsher Tzedek” which would add to the definition of “kosher” by determining what hourly wage, vacation time, shift scheduling, coffee breaks, lunch breaks, etc., were “just” and then coupling the performance of a company in those areas with its adherence to kosher food standards in order to round out a new, comprehensive standard of kashrut.
 

Just recently, Conservative rabbi David Lincoln, during a panel discussion on The Jewish Channel concerning AgriProcessors, offered this bit of charming commentary:

 

I think there’s a general feeling that in the Orthodox community, in many Orthodox communities, and especially the more haredi — more extreme Orthodox — communities, there’s more concern for the strict rules of halacha, for how you cut the animal’s throat and how you examine the lungs…they’re not really concerned about whether you’re stealing, or whatever, or going into court and perjuring themselves…. 

 

Finally, last week The New York Times ran an editorial which in effect tied the AgriProcessors controversy to the Bush administration’s immigration policies – policies that the Times, of course, roundly condemns.

             The fact remains that no one has challenged AgriProcessors in terms of its conformity to the laws governing the production of kosher food. Rather, there have been attempts to graft onto those laws issues that, while important in and of themselves, simply do not relate to kashrut as it is properly and historically understood.

 

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Spinka Tax Fraud Conviction

From the Los Angeles Times July 19:

A Hancock Park man agreed to plead guilty to federal tax evasion charges for making donations to an Orthodox Jewish group that were mostly refunded and then deducting them on his tax returns, federal prosecutors said today.

Uri Mandelbaum, 70, agreed to plead guilty to two felony tax charges and to pay more than $1.5 million in back taxes, according to his plea agreement with the U.S. Attorney’s office in Los Angeles.

Mandelbaum’s plea agreement is the first involving a "donor" to a charity associated with Spinka — a Hasidic sect within Orthodox Judaism that is at the center of a pending federal tax fraud case. The group is based in New York.

"Mr. Mandelbaum deeply regrets what he did," his attorney John Vandevelde said in a statement today. "Prior to any contact by the government, he decided to do what was right by voluntarily coming forward, not to provide information about others, but to take full responsibility for his own conduct and his own personal tax obligations."

The Grand Rabbi of Spinka, Naftali Tzi Weisz, several other defendants and five Spinka charities were indicted last year by a federal grand jury in Los Angeles on tax fraud and money laundering charges.

Two other defendants in the case — Israeli banker Joseph Roth and Weisz’s assistant Moshe Zigelman — have pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit tax fraud and are to be sentenced later this year.

The U.S. government is now targeting more than 100 people who contributed to Spinka organizations, said U.S. Attorney’s Office Spokesman Thom Mrozek.

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