What Role Will Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz Play in the Rabbi Avraham Appel Case?

New York Post story here.

In 2026 Miryam Malachi, an Israeli-born mother of two, sued Appel in Ocean County (docket number OCN-L-000016-26, filed around January 5, 2026). The complaint (copy here additional documents here) alleges that she came to him during acute financial distress over daycare bills, on a teacher’s suggestion, and that he presented himself as a rabbi, mentor, and friend she could trust.

Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz leaves almost no public record. He holds no widely documented title, circulates no published works beyond Lakewood, and sits in none of the rosters that track the town’s roshei yeshiva and dayanim. His name reaches the public through one channel, the court filings in Malachi v. Appel, the Ocean County civil suit docketed as OCN-L-000016-26 and filed early in 2026. There his authority shows itself, and it rests on communal standing rather than office. The filings describe a man able to summon other rabbis, weigh accusations, and bend the standing of an accused leader inside the community. That is the whole of what the record gives.

The surname resists certainty. Rabinowicz, Rabinovitch, Rabinovich, Rabinowitz: the transliterations run together, and the case turns in part on whether two of them name one man or two. Hold that question for a moment, because it shapes everything that follows.

The plaintiff, Miryam Malachi, brings allegations of sexual assault against Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Appel, the rosh kollel of Kollel Cheshek Shlomo, and of a coordinated campaign to defame her after she spoke. Appel denies the claims and casts them as fabrication and extortion. None of it is settled. What raises Rabinowicz above the other names is the part he plays before the suit, inside the community’s own system.

According to the filings, Malachi brought her evidence to Rabinowicz in 2024. He found it serious. He gathered other rabbis, arranged a confrontation with Appel, and put the accusations to him. The plaintiff’s account holds that Appel admitted he had a problem and had done terrible things to Malachi, and that the rabbis then directed him to give up his roles and his positions of trust. If a witness swears to that exchange and it holds, the community’s own authorities found the charges grave enough to act, and they acted before any court did.

The plaintiff’s lawyers attach a signed Certification of Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz as Exhibit 1 to the order to show cause. That choice changes the evidentiary footing of the case. A civil assault claim often collapses into one word against another. A sworn statement from a respected elder, given under penalty of perjury, that the accused man admitted fault, clears the usual wall of silence and gives the court a basis for the likelihood-of-success finding an injunction needs. It also blocks the simplest defense available, that an immigrant plaintiff with a real-estate grudge invented the whole story, since the first finding of fault carries the signature of one of the community’s own judges of character.

The later chapter unsettles the picture. By November 2025, Malachi’s husband, Yehonatan Richenberg, says Appel had returned to teaching. Richenberg went to the school and met a Rabbi Rabinovich who ran it, a man his certification calls a different rabbi than the one named before. This Rabinovich told him Appel now answered to a new rabbi, Rabbi Pearl, who had cleared him to teach again. When Richenberg kept coming, the certification says, security stood by and the rabbi told him to leave or meet the police.

So the question of the name carries weight. If the two are different men with near-matching surnames, the reversal is structural rather than personal. A disciplinary rabbi hands off to an administrative one, and the school sends out security to wall itself off from the discipline the first rabbi set in motion. If the husband mistook one man for two, then the same rabbi who helped corner Appel later stands inside the setting where Appel teaches again. The record does not close the gap.

The ground under the second scene belongs to Appel. The filings name Kollel Cheshek Shlomo as the religious school he owns and runs. The school is no neutral third party measuring him from a distance. When Rabinovich calls security and raises the threat of police against Richenberg, he guards the owner’s property and the owner’s place in it. The defense of Appel’s return ties to the defense of the estate.

Rabbi Pearl, given elsewhere as Henoch Pearl or Perl, supplies the cover that lets the return proceed without overturning the 2024 panel outright. According to the certification, Rabinovich explained Appel’s teaching by pointing to Pearl, the new rabbi who advised him and permitted the work. Authority in this community runs through many hands, not one chain. One grouping of rabbis can impose a heavy restriction. The man under it can find another rabbi to issue a clean bill, and an institution like the kollel can then go back to business under a fresh layer of spiritual sanction. The filings describe that path here, with the facts still in dispute.

Whatever else the case decides, Rabinowicz may stand among its most useful witnesses. He can speak to whether Appel made the admissions, how the 2024 confrontation ran, what the rabbis required of him, and whether anything later changed the community’s reading of the charges. He came to the record as a man without a public life. He might leave it as the figure who shows how a closed community polices its own, and how fast that policing can giv

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How Hugh Hefner Got Away With It

The standard assumption about a powerful man who escapes scrutiny is that he hides. Hugh Hefner (1926-2017) did the reverse. He published himself. He opened the Playboy Mansion, posed in the silk robe, gave his worldview a name and printed it, and asked reporters to dinner. The display did the work that secrecy does for other men. A reader who watches someone perform his whole appetite in public comes away sure he has seen the books, and once sure, he stops auditing. Visibility bought Hefner the privacy a recluse never gets.

That is one thread. Several others run beside it.

Money is the second. Playboy paid freelance rates near the top of the trade, and it paid them for thirty years. Ray Bradbury, Vladimir Nabokov, John Updike, Kurt Vonnegut, and Norman Mailer all took the checks. The interview franchise handed a journalist a national platform and a famous subject, Martin Luther King Jr., Jimmy Carter, Malcolm X, Fidel Castro. A magazine that feeds the writing class becomes hard for the writing class to attack. The people who might have built the case against Hefner drew income and prestige from him, and a critic rarely investigates his own paymaster with much energy. No one bribed anyone. The interests simply lined up. Hefner did not have to silence the press. He had hired a good part of it.

The third thread is the spread of the brand. Playboy carried several faces, and each one shielded the others. Go after the clubs and a defender points to the literature. Go after the centerfold and a defender points to the First Amendment work and the censorship cases the Playboy Foundation funded. Go after the lifestyle and a defender points to the interviews with civil rights leaders. The enterprise ran on many revenues and many reputations, so no single charge could sink it. A blow to one wing left the building standing.

The fourth is the vocabulary of the era. Across most of the twentieth century, public talk about sexual ethics ran on one distinction, consent or its absence. The women around Playboy were adults. They signed contracts. They drew pay. Inside that frame the operation cleared the only bar the culture knew how to set. The terms that later conversations would reach for were not yet common currency: power imbalance, dependency, grooming, emotional coercion. A man cannot be convicted in a language that has no word for the crime. The critics who sensed something wrong had to use “exploitation” and “objectification,” moral words rather than the harder vocabulary of control, and a moral word is easy to answer with “she chose it.”

Politics is the fifth. Hefner read as a liberal, and he was one on the issues the muckraking class cared about. He backed abortion rights, racial integration, free expression, and gay rights early for a publisher of his size. He paid for legal challenges to censorship. The reporters and editors most likely to dig were the reporters and editors most aligned with him. To go after Hefner meant going after a man on your own side of the censorship fight, and few people relish that. His liberalism worked as a passport through the very newsrooms that might have stopped him.

Access closes the set. The Mansion ran on invitation. Entertainment and celebrity coverage depended on proximity, and proximity depended on staying welcome. A reporter who exposed the host lost the house. So the coverage tilted toward the party and away from the people working it.

The counter-case existed the whole time. Gloria Steinem (b. 1934) went undercover as a Bunny in 1963 and described the low pay, the rules, the humiliations. Andrea Dworkin (1946-2005) and Catharine MacKinnon (b. 1946) argued that the apparatus sold women as product and called the sale freedom. The argument was available from the start. It never took the center, partly for the reasons above, and partly because it asked the public to disbelieve a story the public enjoyed. Hefner offered glamour. The critics offered an indictment of glamour. In a contest between a fantasy people want and a claim that the fantasy harms its workers, the fantasy usually wins the decade.

Timing finished the job in his favor. He died in September 2017, a few weeks before the Harvey Weinstein (b. 1952) reporting reset the standard for every powerful man in entertainment. Had he lived to face it, the practices once filed under hedonism might have been read again as control, and the former girlfriends, Holly Madison (b. 1979) among them, who described curfews, allowances, and pressure might have found a press ready to listen. He got out before the rules changed. The reassessment arrived after, in the 2022 series Secrets of Playboy, when the cost of speaking had fallen and the man could no longer answer.

None of this needed a conspiracy. No one met in a room to protect him. The protection sat inside the arrangement. He paid the people who write. He spread the brand so no single blow landed. He lived inside a moral vocabulary too small to name the harm. He aligned with the journalists best placed to hurt him. He ran on an access economy that rewarded flattery. He hid nothing and was therefore assumed to have nothing to hide. Set him beside the comparison everyone now reaches for: Jeffrey Epstein (1953-2019) hid, and the hiding convicted him. Hefner performed, and the performance acquitted him for sixty years.

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Why Did Powerful and Accomplished People Continue to Associate with Jeffrey Epstein After His 2008 Conviction?

An astonishing part of the Jeffrey Epstein (1953-2019) story concerns what came after his criminal conviction. Why did so many prominent people keep associating with him after 2008, once he had pleaded guilty to soliciting prostitution from a minor and registered as a sex offender?

By ordinary social norms, continued association seems surprising. Yet financiers, politicians, royalty, scientists, philanthropists, university leaders, and celebrities kept meeting with him, attending events at his homes, seeking introductions from him, and in some cases building new relationships with him. The answer lies less in any single person than in the incentives that govern elite social networks.

The first factor was the odd nature of Epstein’s plea agreement. The case ended in a controversial plea deal rather than a public trial, so many people never grasped the scope of the allegations. People described Epstein as a wealthy man who had committed a serious but isolated offense against an underage girl. That description differed from the picture that later emerged through investigative reporting, civil litigation, victim testimony, and the federal indictment of 2019.

Many acquaintances seem to have concluded that Epstein had committed a serious crime, served his punishment, and earned the chance to move on. Whether that belief reflected ignorance, convenience, or self-interest varied from case to case.

The second factor was utility. Epstein stayed useful.

Elite social life works partly as a marketplace for introductions. Access to the right people generates business opportunities, political influence, philanthropic partnerships, media exposure, and intellectual prestige. Epstein excelled at connecting people who wanted access to one another.

A dinner at one of his properties might bring together a hedge fund billionaire, a Nobel laureate, a former cabinet official, a university president, and a technology entrepreneur. Many guests came less for Epstein than for the network around him. His real asset was access.

This explains much of why the relationships survived his conviction. Bill Gates (b. 1955), Ehud Barak (b. 1942), Leon Black (b. 1951), Lawrence Summers (b. 1954), and Prince Andrew (b. 1960) all kept some degree of post-conviction contact with him. The details differed. Together they show that Epstein’s social value outlived his legal downfall.

The third factor was philanthropy and intellectual prestige. After 2008, Epstein presented himself more and more as a patron of science, education, and charitable causes. He courted leading researchers and university administrators. He funded scientific projects, hosted intellectual salons, and cast himself as a benefactor of important ideas.

Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology accepted donations connected to Epstein after his conviction. Many participants framed the relationship as service to a greater good. The money supported research. The introductions linked scholars with potential donors. The association could pass as advancing science rather than rehabilitating a convicted sex offender.

This points to a broader truth about philanthropy. Donations do not erase misconduct, but they create an alternative story. Instead of a man seen through his past wrongdoing, the donor becomes a supporter of medicine, education, science, or the arts. Philanthropy rehabilitates a reputation.

The fourth factor was social proof.

People judge character by watching whom others trust. When billionaires, university presidents, Nobel laureates, former prime ministers, and famous entrepreneurs welcome a man, many observers assume someone else has done the vetting.

Epstein exploited this tendency. His standing rested less on his own achievements than on the achievements of those around him. Every prestigious guest made him look more respectable. Every respected institution that dealt with him reassured others.

The process compounded. Scientists drew comfort from the billionaires. Billionaires drew comfort from the scientists. Politicians drew comfort from the philanthropists. The network supplied its own validation.

The fifth factor was institutional deference. Members of elite circles often let institutions make hard moral judgments for them. Prosecutors reached a plea agreement. Universities accepted donations. Foundations accepted his participation. Respected peers kept associating with him. Many people read those signals as proof that the matter had been settled.

Rather than investigate on their own, they outsourced judgment to institutions. The assumption ran that if Epstein lay beyond the pale, the legal system, universities, foundations, and prominent peers would have cut him off already.

The insularity of elite life reinforced this. Wealthy and powerful people often live where legal trouble passes through lawyers, settlements, public relations staff, and institutional process. A plea agreement starts to look like an administrative resolution rather than a continuing moral indictment.

The sixth factor was motivated reasoning. Many people likely saw warning signs and chose not to look closer. Facing the full weight of Epstein’s history would have meant giving up useful relationships, lucrative opportunities, and prestigious connections. People read uncomfortable facts in ways that protect their interests.

Some observers suggest fear played a role in certain relationships. Epstein reportedly ran extensive surveillance systems inside some of his properties, and speculation about compromising material has persisted for years. Public evidence for blackmail as a broad explanation does not exist. Status, access, philanthropy, institutional validation, and personal incentive explain most documented relationships better than any provable coercion.

The Harvey Weinstein (b. 1952) scandal offers a contrast.

Weinstein’s power rested on his ability to make or break careers. Actors, directors, agents, journalists, and executives dealt with him because he controlled opportunities. When he fell, the central question became who had enabled him.

Epstein’s role differed. He ran no major corporation, political party, university, or media empire. His power came from connecting ambitious people to one another. So when Epstein fell, the central question became why so many accomplished people wanted the connection in the first place.

The answer says something about elite society. Access, introductions, prestige, and social validation often count as much as accomplishment. Epstein excelled at what one might call social arbitrage. He convinced high-status people that other high-status people valued him.

Since 2008, the social norms governing these relationships have changed a great deal.

The largest shift is the rise of reputational risk. In 2008, many associations stayed private. A dinner invitation, a flight on a private jet, an introduction, or a meeting rarely became public knowledge. Today, emails, calendars, flight logs, visitor records, photographs, and social media archives can become permanent public evidence.

The Epstein scandal sped this change. After his 2019 arrest, journalists and the public combed through years of flight manifests, schedules, photographs, and correspondence. Mere association became news. A link to Epstein after his conviction could turn into a professional liability even without any criminal conduct.

The #MeToo movement amplified the trend. Before 2017, many institutions would separate personal misconduct from professional accomplishment. After a run of high-profile scandals, organizations grew far more sensitive to the reputational risk of sexual misconduct and exploitation.

Public attitudes toward complicity changed too. Earlier generations often accepted the claim that a person took no direct part in wrongdoing. People began to ask why someone kept a relationship after serious misconduct came to light. The standard shifted from innocence through distance toward a stronger expectation of moral judgment about one’s associations.

The deepest change concerns trust in elite institutions. Before Epstein, many people assumed that acceptance by royalty, billionaires, university leaders, scientists, and former officials signaled legitimacy. After Epstein, many reached a different conclusion. They came to read elite endorsement as evidence that powerful people will overlook serious misconduct when access, status, influence, or money are at stake.

Human nature has not changed. Ambition, prestige, self-interest, and the pursuit of influence remain strong forces. What changed is the cost of ignoring misconduct. The reputational penalties for associating with a disgraced figure run much higher now than in 2008.

The Epstein affair marks both an individual scandal and a broader cultural turning point. It exposed how far elite networks reward access over character. It also helped create a world where the social costs of overlooking misconduct became harder to escape. The old incentives remain. They now operate under much stricter public scrutiny.

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How Jeffrey Epstein Got Rich

Jeffrey Epstein (1953-2019) died in a Manhattan jail in August 2019. He left an estate that court filings valued at roughly $577 million, and later filings in the U.S. Virgin Islands pushed the figure above $630 million. The holdings ran to a Manhattan townhouse, a Palm Beach mansion, a New Mexico ranch, a Paris apartment, two private islands in the Virgin Islands, aircraft, and hundreds of millions in cash and investments. He ran no major hedge fund. He had no public investment partnership. He left almost no trace of a conventional financial empire. How he got the money became the central puzzle of his life.

The answer is clearer now than it was while he lived. Court filings, tax records, congressional findings, financial statements, and reporting point to a few sources: lucrative ties to a tiny set of billionaire clients, aggressive tax planning, investment gains, and what investigators call self-dealing. Epstein was no stock-picker in the mold of George Soros (b. 1930) or Ray Dalio (b. 1949). He sold trust. He persuaded a handful of extraordinarily rich men to hand him authority that almost no one hands an outside adviser.

He started small. He taught math at the Dalton School in Manhattan, left teaching, and joined Bear Stearns late in the 1970s. He traded options and built relationships with wealthy clients. Colleagues called him bright, smooth, and at ease around powerful people. His stint at the firm was short, but it gave him entry to high finance and a credential he traded on for the rest of his life.

He left Bear Stearns in 1981 and started his own firm, J. Epstein & Co. He told people the firm took only clients worth more than a billion dollars. The full client list stayed hidden. The model was clear enough: a few enormous fortunes rather than a long roster of ordinary investors, large fees, and little public scrutiny.

The turn came with Leslie Wexner (b. 1937), founder of L Brands, owner of Victoria’s Secret. From the late 1980s, Wexner gave Epstein control over his money that few men give anyone. Epstein held power of attorney. He signed for Wexner, moved Wexner’s assets, structured Wexner’s deals. Billionaires lean on trusted advisers. They rarely surrender this much.

For close to two decades Wexner anchored Epstein’s world. Through companies based in the Virgin Islands, Epstein drew hundreds of millions in fees tied to Wexner’s affairs, his transactions, his stock sales. The two later fell out. Wexner accused Epstein of taking large sums and assets that were not his, said he had been fooled, and called him a world-class con man. Reviews of the records suggest the Wexner years account for a large share of the fortune. Forbes put the Wexner fees near $200 million.

The second engine started after Epstein pleaded guilty in Florida in 2008. His career should have ended there. It did not. He recast himself as a specialist in tax minimization, trusts, estate planning, and family-office work for the ultra-rich. His chief client in these years was Leon Black (b. 1951), co-founder of Apollo Global Management. Between 2012 and 2017, Black paid Epstein $158 million, a sum the law firm Dechert documented in a 2021 review for Apollo’s board. Forbes, counting payments to affiliated charities, put the total near $170 million. The Dechert report found that Epstein’s advice conferred between one and two billion dollars in value to Black. The Senate Finance Committee later examined a transaction Epstein designed that helped Black keep more than a billion dollars beyond the reach of federal gift and estate taxes. Black said the fees bought legitimate advice and that he paid every tax he owed.

The money concentrated. Forbes reviewed the records and found that Epstein’s two main companies took in more than $800 million between 1999 and 2018, $490 million in fees and $310 million from investments. Most of the fee income traced to two men, Wexner and Black. That explains the gap between the small operation and the large fortune. A man does not need three hundred clients when two billionaires pay him tens, then hundreds, of millions. Epstein drew at least $360 million in dividends from his companies across those years.

Tax planning did the rest. Epstein based his operations in the Virgin Islands and qualified for local economic-development breaks that cut his tax bill by an estimated $300 million over two decades. His effective rate fell far below what most rich Americans pay. More income stayed in his hands to invest and compound. One of those investments surfaced only after his death: $40 million he put into funds run by Valar Ventures, the firm co-founded by Peter Thiel (b. 1967), in 2015 and 2016. The stake grew to $170 million and became the largest asset his estate held.

Real estate added to the pile. The Manhattan townhouse alone carried a value in the tens of millions. Palm Beach, New Mexico, Paris, and the islands all appreciated. The properties held wealth and signaled it, and the signal drew the next client.

A few early episodes still draw questions. Before Wexner, Epstein worked with Steven Hoffenberg (1945-2022) at Towers Financial Corporation, which collapsed as among the era’s largest Ponzi schemes. Epstein left before the fall and faced no charges, but the tie fed later suspicion. Across his career he ran money through offshore entities and layered corporate structures that kept outsiders from tracing where it came from.

That opacity fed the theories: blackmail, intelligence work, covert money. The theories hold because the gap between his slight public record and his enormous wealth stays wide. Years of investigation have turned up no proof that spying or blackmail built the fortune. The documented record points elsewhere, to billionaire patronage, advisory fees, tax breaks, investment returns, and self-dealing.

The structure of the money tells more than the size. Fortunes this large usually sit on something a stranger can see: a fund, a company, a factory, an inheritance. Epstein’s sat on relationships, private arrangements, and the trust of a few powerful men. His talent was not stock selection. It was persuasion. He convinced billionaires that he saw what they could not, and they paid him for the sight.

He died with close to $600 million. The size was never the mystery. The mystery was how a former schoolteacher with no public track record built the relationships that let him pull hundreds of millions from some of the richest men alive. Follow that, and you learn more about his rise than any ledger of trades could teach.

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NY Post: ‘Prominent NJ rabbi allegedly sent graphic pic, according to explosive sex-assault suit: ‘Not great. But works’’

The New York Post says:

A prominent New Jersey rabbi sexually assaulted a single mom — and even sent her a pic of his genitals, admitting, “Not great. But works” — before launching a cyber-smear campaign against her, court papers allege.

Married Rabbi Avraham Appel — who runs an elite rabbinical seminary in the tight-knit Lakewood Orthodox community — used “his position as a rabbi, mentor, and trusted community leader to sexually assault and exploit” mom-of-two Israeli immigrant Miryam Malachi for months, according the explosive Ocean County lawsuit.

Malachi, then a single mom, had approached Appel for financial help with daycare bills “during a period of acute financial distress” in 2020, says her suit filed earlier this year in Ocean County Civil Court.

Appel helped her financially, the lawsuit says. But things took a dark turn in June 2022, when Appel sexually assaulted her as she was home alone, court documents allege.

Appel “forced himself” on Malachi and “took sexual advantage of her” multiple times afterward, the suit claims.

He also sent her lewd texts with “incredibly crude and graphic sexual content,” including descriptions of oral sex, his desire to “squeeze your breasts” and an image of his genitals, the lawsuit says.

Appel wrote under the genitals image, “Not great. But works,” court documents claim.

When Malachi finally threatened to sue last fall, a vicious smear website popped up calling her “A DANGER TO KLAL YISROEL” — roughly meaning a threat to all Jewish people, her suit says.

Malachi claims Appel’s allies even plastered defamatory flyers at her children’s private school, according to the court papers.

Appel allegedly offered $50,000 to buy her silence before his lawsuit threat, a move she “vehemently rejected,” the suit says.

Appel and his lawyers have denied all of the accusations, claiming that the pair only had a “business relationship,” court papers show.

His lawyer, Ian Goldman, told The Post on Tuesday that Malachi’s “credibility, motives, and factual assertions are not only disputed but entirely fabricated.”

Goldman added that the “screenshots are fabricated and form part of what he contends is an extensive extortion and smear campaign directed against him,” and that Appel claims “even a cursory examination of the photographs at issue demonstrates that the individual depicted is not him.”

Half of the conversion courts in Orthodox Judaism in Los Angeles are led by predators (and have been been for decades), but the people with the goods are too difficult for me to work with, and they usually recognize it is not in their interest to go public with the damning evidence.

Along with dozens of other journos, I knew that Harvey Weinstein was a creep before he was finally outed, but the story was too difficult for me to report. One day a brave soul will provide the story on how some conversions operate in Orthodox Judaism in ways that would sicken normal people.

Orthodox rabbis are like other men in their appetites. They enjoy power and they enjoy getting what they want when they think they can get away with it. They are not better nor worse than other men.

If an institution, religious or otherwise, believes it can get away with theft, it will often try to get away with theft.

We all bear some responsibility for how people treat us, and for how our institutions behave, and for how our leaders operate.

Rav Avrohom Yeshaya Appel, also written Avraham Yeshaya Appel, is an American Orthodox rabbi and the founder and rosh kollel of Kollel Cheshek Shlomo in Lakewood, New Jersey. He built the institution from a small founding group in 2018 into one of the larger advanced kollelim in the town. He became a recognized figure in the Lakewood Torah world before a 2026 civil suit carried his name into the secular press.

Appel trained in the Lithuanian yeshiva tradition. He learned within the orbit of Beth Medrash Govoha, the Lakewood yeshiva that Rav Aharon Kotler founded and that turned the town into a center of advanced Talmud study. The Lakewood press describes him as a talmid of the Noviminsker and Brisker yeshivos and as the go-to person in Beis Medrash Govoha’s Princeton upstairs beis medrash, a powerhouse of clear thinking and intense learning. Before he opened his own kollel he led a chaburah at the Mir in Jerusalem. That chaburah devoted twelve hours a day to learning, and Appel later sought to duplicate it in Lakewood and struggled. He has cited Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky and Rav Yeruchem Olshin as the men he consulted before he moved ahead, and he is associated through his learning with Rav Asher Arieli of the Mir.

He founded Kollel Cheshek Shlomo in 2018. The kollel launched that year with twenty-four founding yungerleit drawn from the yeshivos of Fallsburg, Philadelphia, Keren HaTorah, Rabbi Slomowitz, and others, and within four and a half years it expanded to more than seventy members. The kollel runs an admissions bar that sets it apart from most. Each man passes an oral bechinah on 250 blatt before he joins, then completes entire masechtos with both iyun and bekiyus, with regular chazaros and bechinos to hold him to account. A subsidiary, Chaburas Kinyan Torah, runs on the same derech halimud (path), and the kollel’s own count puts the combined number above two hundred men.

The model rests on a claim Appel repeats. You cannot produce a gadol, he says, but you can provide the right environment that lets the yungerman reach gadlus (greatness). The kollel acts on that claim by removing the ordinary pressures on a young family. It runs a set schedule, serves fresh daily meals, and subsidizes daycare under its own auspices. Visitors to the beis medrash, in accounts the kollel circulates to donors, describe warmth and calm where they expect strain. These accounts come from the institution and its supporters, and they read as the language of a fundraising operation. They tell you what the kollel wants its donors to see.

The most concrete piece of Appel’s communal work is brick and land. He envisions a campus that gives the yungerleit (young men) a full day of learning at an affordable price, with a daycare center for their children in their own backyard, and a housing project that charges roughly fifty percent of the market rate, just enough to cover the mortgage. In January 2024 he presented the plan to the Lakewood Planning Board himself, alongside the kollel’s engineer, to a room full of supporters, and the board delayed its decision. The reporting describes opposition from neighbors over the use of a residential zone. The plan, as the kollel states it, develops four acres outside West Gate into housing built next to the beis medrash, so that a man loses no time to traffic between learning, home, and daycare.

This work places Appel inside a wider shift in the role of the American Orthodox rabbi. The scholar still draws his authority from learning. But the prominent rabbi now raises money, mediates, counsels, and builds. In a town knit together by yeshivos, charities, schools, and businesses, a man’s reach often turns on the people who trust him rather than on his title. Appel ran several charities and counseled women in hard circumstances, and that role sits at the center of the case against him.

In 2026 Miryam Malachi, an Israeli-born mother of two, sued Appel in Ocean County (docket number OCN-L-000016-26, filed around January 5, 2026). The complaint (copy here additional documents here) alleges that she came to him during acute financial distress over daycare bills, on a teacher’s suggestion, and that he presented himself as a rabbi, mentor, and friend she could trust. The suit alleges that he then used that position to exploit and assault her over a period that began in 2020, with an alleged assault in June 2022, explicit messages, and an image of his genitals. The complaint further alleges that he threatened her, told her that an inmate who had taken the fall for him in another matter would take care of her if she spoke, and warned that he would have her exiled from the community. It alleges that he insisted she see a therapist he chose and scripted what she should say so that she could get help without revealing what had happened. The suit says he offered fifty thousand dollars for her silence, which she rejected, and that after she threatened to sue, a website appeared calling her a danger to klal yisroel and flyers went up at her children’s school. The complaint says subpoenaed GoDaddy records tied the site to Appel’s cell phone, his brother’s email, and his business partner’s credit card.

Appel denies all of it. His lawyer, Ian Goldman, told the New York Post that Malachi’s credibility, motives, and factual claims are not only disputed but fabricated, that the screenshots are fabricated and part of an extortion and smear campaign against his client, and that the man in the photographs is not Appel. Appel’s filings accuse Malachi of fraud and extortion and deny any tie to the website. As of June 2026 the litigation continues and no court has ruled on the allegations.

Gemini says:

The legal documents show a high-stakes clash between the explicit, graphic evidence presented by the plaintiff and a total denial of those facts by the defense. The most striking elements of the case logic from the filings include:

The Text and Photo Evidence: Miryam Malachi submitted screenshots showing graphic text messages and a photograph of genitals sent from a number associated with Avraham Appel. The defense claims these screenshots are completely fabricated and part of an extortion plot.

The Admission Claim: The brief in CivilCaseJacket (3).pdf relies heavily on a certification from Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz, who states that Appel previously admitted to other rabbis that he had a “problem” and did “terrible things” with the plaintiff, resulting in an directive for him to step down from positions of trust in 2024.

The Financial Records: Exhibit 1 contains extensive Zelle transaction logs showing regular payments from Diversified Charities Inc. to the plaintiff spanning 2022 and 2023. The plaintiff characterizes these as part of a grooming and control structure, while the defense frames them as standard business advances or loans related to real estate work.

The Counter-Smear Allegations: The lawsuit targets not just the assault, but a coordinated effort by Appel and his allies to destroy Malachi’s real estate network through a predatory website, physical flyers at her children’s school, and community exile. The case highlights how digital evidence like text logs and banking receipts are weaponized by both sides in a tight-knit community where reputation directly dictates economic survival.

Claude says:

First, the frame. This is her verified complaint, signed under penalty, so every line is her sworn allegation plus her lawyers’ shaping. The strongest material is not her narrative. It sits in the defendants’ own words, which she reproduces, and several of those cut against them.
The charity is the spine of the thing. Appel runs Diversified Charities, a 501(c)(3), and the money to Malachi moved through it as Zelle transfers. Exhibit 1 is two years of them, tagged in the memo line: “loan,” “therapy,” “doctor,” “shabbos,” “water shutoff,” “school supplies,” “meds,” “Rosh hashana,” “food.” Whatever a court decides about consent, the paper shows a woman kept on small tax-exempt sums pegged to her most basic needs. And the spike lands where it hurts him most. The payments jump in late June 2022, right after the alleged June 1 assault: $1,500, $2,000, $1,000, $5,000, $7,500 across two weeks. Donor money, routed through a charity, clustering around the date she says he forced himself on her. That is the part a reporter chases, and the part a charity board and the IRS might chase too.
Two defenses run through the file that cannot both stand. His lawyer told the Post the man in the photographs is not Appel. But the contemporaneous chat in Exhibit 4 has a third party reporting that Appel “claims it’s not him and he never knew it was being recorded.” Not-him and didn’t-know-I-was-recorded are different worlds. The first says the images are of someone else. The second concedes the images are of him and fights over the recording. You can hold either. You cannot hold both, and his own circle voiced both.
The “extortion” evidence the defendants chose to publish points back at them. Their website quotes her alleged demand: pay $48,000 and “admit on video that you did this,” then she leaves him alone. A person inventing a false charge does not usually set the price of silence at a videotaped confession. A demand to admit “this” presupposes a “this.” They put that line forward as proof of a shakedown. It reads as someone after acknowledgment.
The flagship fraud claim collapses inside the same file. The site’s lead exhibit of her thieving is the “Hachnasas Kallah scam,” money she supposedly pocketed from a couple’s wedding fund. The couple gave a sworn certification: she raised $2,000, the celebration cost $10,000, and she and her husband covered the $8,000 gap themselves. Their best example of her greed turns, on the record, into an example of her generosity.
The coalition against her is not one motive. Three defendants, and Chaya Rosenzweig runs Rose Capital Group, which chases the same Israeli investors Malachi chases, in the same small market where a name is the whole business. She had asserted claims against Malachi before a beis din already and, per the complaint, could not prove them. So the smear blends a man burying an assault with a rival burying a competitor and getting ahead of her own unhappy investors. Mixed motives, one website.
The rabbinic process is the place to watch already happened here, in both directions. In July 2024 Rabbi Joseph Rabinovich gathered other rabbis, ran an intervention, and, per the complaint, Appel admitted he “had done terrible things” and had “a problem.” The rabbis ordered him to step down from every position of trust. Then by November 2025 a different rabbi, Rabbi Pearl, let him teach again, and Rabinovich, the man who once moved against him, now runs the school, calls security, and threatens the husband with police. The ranks broke against him and then closed back around the institution. The tip and the snap-back, in one set of names.
The campaign is signed. Keleti put it on Facebook under his own name with his own face, and posted the public warning to the Lakewood community on flyers. A smear that wants deniability stays anonymous. This one is notarized by its authors, which is either confidence or a blunder, and in a tort suit it is a gift to the plaintiff.
Then the milieu, the part Tom Wolfe would open on. A white Lexus, a cash house in The Palm Estates, the Westgate apartment on Green Cove, Rose Capital, Sapphire, Beaver Hill, Israeli syndication money. The site means “she drives a Lexus and lives in a mansion” as proof she is no poor victim. It also shows the world these people
live in, real-estate dealmaking in frum dress, a long way from the kollel poverty the fundraising pages sell.
Two asides get dropped almost in passing and would lead a story on their own. She alleges he threatened her with “an inmate that had taken the fall for Appel in connection with another matter.” And she alleges he picked her therapist and scripted what she could say, so she could get help without telling the truth, control reaching even into her healing.
The defendants’ own page brags that “the Rosh Kollel was back in Bais Medrash the next day,” and closes with “Good people don’t need to scream. The truth rises on its own. And Hashem will take care of the rest.” The compulsion to keep teaching and the sanctified silence, written out by his own side, in public, as praise.

Gemini says:

The observation regarding Diversified Charities is the most legally damaging element for the defense. The Zelle memo lines in Exhibit 1 show a systematic structure of small, dependency-inducing sums (“water shutoff,” “school supplies,” “meds”) punctuated by a massive surge in cash flow immediately following the alleged June 1, 2022 assault. Moving $17,000 across a two-week window under the banner of a 501(c)(3) to a woman alleging immediate prior assault creates a severe tracking logic that an internal board, a state attorney general, or the IRS would find difficult to ignore, irrespective of any defense standard regarding real estate draws.

The tension between the public defense and the internal circle’s communications exposes a fatal strategic fracture:

The Photograph Defense: The formal press statement claims the individual depicted in the explicit photographs is not Appel. Yet, the text log in Exhibit 4 records a direct admission from within the camp stating that Appel claimed he “never knew it was being recorded”. As Claude notes, an assertion of non-identity cannot coexist with an assertion of non-consent to recording. In a secular court, this contradiction destroys the credibility of the defense’s initial pleadings.

The Extortion Defense: The malachichavala.com website publishes what it frames as shakedown evidence—a demand for $48,000 and a videotaped confession[cite: 1, 2]. Legally, presenting a demand for a video confession as proof of simple extortion is a catastrophic miscalculation. It demonstrates that the target of the demand was the acknowledgment of an act, establishing a specific context (“this”) rather than a clean, unhedged financial extraction[cite: 1, 2].

The defense’s public-facing narrative depends entirely on establishing the plaintiff as a serial fabricator, yet its cornerstone examples fall apart under cross-verification within the file:

The Wedding Fund: The website frames the wedding of Binyamin Doyev and Tehila Recht as a clear cash grab[cite: 1, 2]. The couple’s sworn certification in CivilCaseJacket.pdf directly reverses this narrative, transforming a public accusation of theft into a documented record of personal subsidy by the plaintiff and her husband.

The presence of Chaya Rosenzweig as a co-defendant ties the personal destruction campaign directly to market competition. By matching the network of Israeli real estate investors targeted by Rose Capital with the plaintiff’s own investment network, the smear campaign loses its character as a detached community warning and exposes an engine of tortious interference aimed at economic survival.

The transition between the summer of 2024 and the winter of 2025 illustrates the institutional consolidation typical of high-stakes community disputes. The rabbinic intervention by Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz initially produced an internal admission and an order to step down. By November 2025, the introduction of a new rabbinic authority (Rabbi Pearl) allowed a rehabilitation, and the very school used for the intervention weaponized its physical security and law enforcement contact against the plaintiff’s husband. The institutional framework fractured under the weight of the evidence, then rapidly closed ranks to protect its core assets. The entire strategy deployed by the defendants—notarizing their own campaign by using direct names on social media and flyers—removes any path to plausible deniability[cite: 1, 2]. In a New Jersey Law Division action, it hands the plaintiff absolute proximity to the authors of the defamatory material.

The filings and public reports outline a distinct network of co-defendants, family members, rabbinic figures, and entities that drive the personal, commercial, and institutional engines of this dispute.

Co-Defendants and Camp Members

Chaya Rosenzweig: A New Jersey licensed real estate professional and the founder and owner of Rose Capital. Her business markets commercial real estate investment opportunities in Ocean County to Israeli investors, placing her in direct market competition with Malachi. Malachi alleges that Rosenzweig’s animus stems from direct commercial rivalry and the fact that Malachi researched and identified irregularities in some of Rosenzweig’s underperforming properties. Rosenzweig is accused of curating and manipulating the defamatory content published on the smear website after a previous attempt to bring claims against Malachi in a rabbinical court failed.

Robert Keleti (Moshe Kelety):

Chaya Rosenzweig’s father and a close ally of Appel. He was Malachi’s immediate neighbor during her time residing at the Westgate apartment complex on Green Cove. Keleti provided the specific public accusation that Malachi had an inappropriate “revolving door” of late-night male visitors. He is also alleged to have taken the primary public operational role in the smear campaign by posting links to the website on his personal Facebook account and physically distributing signs and fliers throughout the Lakewood community.

Ian Goldman, Esq.: Partner at the law firm Levin Shea Pfeffer & Goldman, P.A., representing Avraham Appel. In late 2024, Goldman conducted a meeting with Malachi and her current husband where he allegedly offered a $50,000 lump-sum payment for future therapy costs in exchange for a full confidentiality release regarding the sexual assault. On November 16, 2025, Goldman issued formal civil “No Trespass/No Contact” warnings to Malachi’s husband following confrontations at Appel’s school.

Yehonatan (Yoni) Richenberg: Malachi’s current husband under Jewish law. He rejected the defense’s early financial resolution offer and directly confronted the administration at Appel’s school in November 2025 after learning Appel had resumed teaching. The defense website accuses him of attempting to extort $48,000 from Appel via text message, an allegation Richenberg swore under penalty of perjury is a complete fabrication.

Ari L.: Malachi’s former husband. Text message logs from December 2025 indicate that both Appel and Rosenzweig contacted him months prior in an explicit attempt to enlist his assistance to “take down” Malachi.

Rabbinic Figures

Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz (Rabinovich): A central rabbinic authority whose role shifts dramatically across the timeline. In July 2024, he reviewed Malachi’s evidence, convened a panel of rabbis, and confronted Appel, securing an admission of guilt and ordering him to step down from all community positions. By November 2025, however, he was running the school where Appel returned to teach and threatened to have Malachi’s husband arrested by security and local police for trespassing. Rabbi Pearl: A rabbinic advisor who entered the dispute around November 2025. According to school administration, he issued a counter-ruling that effectively bypassed the 2024 rabbinic intervention, permitting Appel to resume his teaching duties.

Rabbi Forscheimer: A prominent community rabbi cited on the defense website as a key authority who supposedly demanded Malachi hand over her phone for forensic screening three times. Malachi’s certification states that when she met with him after the website went live, Rabbi Forscheimer confirmed first-hand that he had never spoken to her or her husband and had never requested her phone.

Corporate, Charitable, and Investment Institutions

Diversified Charities, Inc.: A purported 501(c)(3) charitable organization run by Appel. Banking transaction records from Exhibit 1 demonstrate that Appel systematically routed organizational funds via Zelle to Malachi under memo categories like “loan,” “groceries,” “therapy,” and “water bill”. Legally, this entity serves as the financial conduit for the alleged grooming and subsequent hush-money structure.

Kollel Cheshek Shlomo: A religious private school and seminary owned and operated by Appel in the Orthodox community of Lakewood, New Jersey. This institution served as Appel’s base of local spiritual authority and became the primary physical flashpoint for confrontations and the subsequent deployment of security and “no trespass” directives.

Rose Capital: The commercial real estate firm founded and owned by Chaya Rosenzweig. It structures and syndicates commercial real estate equity placements, specifically pulling from a network of investors based in Israel—the exact financial ecosystem that Malachi relied on for her own livelihood.

Sapphire Investment Group, LLC and 15 Beaver Hill, LLC: Ocean County-based real estate development entities for which Malachi solicited capital. Following the launch of the defamatory website, these specific investment vehicles became the site of immediate financial damage, forcing the refund and wire return of hundreds of thousands of dollars to panicked investors.

The case set Appel at the center of an argument that runs through many Jewish communities and not his alone. A tight community protects its respected men, and that instinct can shield a leader from scrutiny or can crush a complainant before her claim is heard. The same closeness that lets a man raise a million dollars and build homes for young scholars also lets a man, if the worst allegations against him hold, exert pressure on a single mother who came to him for help. Which story the record supports is the question the court has yet to answer.

Whatever the outcome, Appel’s path shows several features of Lakewood life in this decade. Advanced learning still sits at the center. The kollel has grown into an engine of housing, childcare, and money as much as of Torah. And the rabbi who runs it carries the weight of all those roles at once, under a public scrutiny that the digital age has sharpened and that the older structures of the community were not built to meet.

Rabbi Henoch Perl is an Orthodox rabbi and communal leader in Lakewood, New Jersey, whose role in the dispute involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel places him at a critical junction between allegations of misconduct, rabbinic authority, institutional decision-making, and communal rehabilitation. Although he is not a party to the litigation and has not submitted a public certification in the court filings, the record portrays him as a significant rabbinic figure whose guidance allegedly influenced Appel’s return to teaching after an earlier intervention by other rabbis reportedly resulted in restrictions on Appel’s communal activities. As a result, Perl occupies an important position in understanding how authority functions within Lakewood’s decentralized network of religious institutions.

Unlike some of the other rabbis mentioned in the litigation, Rabbi Perl is a readily identifiable public figure within the Lakewood Orthodox community. He serves as the Rav of Beis Medrash Beis Shmuel, also known as Congregation Bais Shmuel, a synagogue located on Buckwald Court in Lakewood. Over the years he has established himself as a communal rabbi, lecturer, and teacher whose influence extends beyond his own congregation. His standing within the community helps explain why school administrators and communal institutions would regard his guidance as carrying substantial weight in matters involving religious leadership, personal conduct, and communal participation.

The litigation introduces Rabbi Perl relatively late in the chronology. According to the filings, his involvement became visible around November 2025, more than a year after an earlier rabbinic intervention involving Appel. That prior intervention, according to the plaintiff’s submissions, was led by Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz and other rabbis who reviewed evidence concerning allegations made by Miryam Malachi. The filings allege that Appel admitted he had “a problem” and had done “terrible things,” and that he subsequently agreed to step away from positions of trust and authority within the community. Whether those allegations will ultimately be substantiated remains a matter for litigation, but they form the backdrop against which Perl’s later role acquires significance.

Rabbi Perl enters the documentary record through the certification of Yehonatan Richenberg, Malachi’s husband. Richenberg states that when he confronted school officials regarding Appel’s return to teaching, he was informed that Appel was now under the guidance of Rabbi Henoch Perl and that Perl had authorized or approved Appel’s resumption of teaching duties. Under this account, Perl’s involvement functioned as the rabbinic basis upon which administrators justified Appel’s return to the classroom. The filings do not provide details regarding the process that led to this determination, nor do they explain whether Perl reviewed evidence, interviewed witnesses, consulted earlier participants, or imposed any conditions upon Appel.

This apparent approval has made Perl one of the most strategically important non-party figures in the dispute. His significance lies not primarily in the underlying allegations themselves but in what his involvement reveals about the operation of authority within Orthodox communal life. Outsiders often imagine religious communities as operating through a single chain of command. Lakewood, however, is characterized by overlapping networks of rabbinic influence, educational institutions, synagogues, charitable organizations, and informal relationships. Authority is often distributed among respected rabbis rather than concentrated in a single office.

Within such a system, disciplinary decisions can be fluid. A restriction imposed through one rabbinic framework may later be modified, reinterpreted, or effectively lifted through the involvement of another respected authority. The filings suggest that Perl’s guidance may have played precisely this role. Whether he viewed himself as revisiting the earlier allegations, addressing a separate pastoral question, evaluating Appel’s rehabilitation, or reaching an entirely independent conclusion remains unknown. What is clear is that his judgment allegedly provided administrators with a religious rationale for allowing Appel to resume teaching.

Additional references in later filings reportedly suggest that Perl was not merely a symbolic figure whose name was invoked after the fact. He is described as serving as Appel’s rabbi during the relevant period and appears to have been actively engaged in discussions surrounding the controversy. Reports of a recorded conversation involving Perl and Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz indicate direct communication between representatives of the two rabbinic camps associated with different phases of the dispute. If accurate, such communications would suggest that Perl occupied a more active role than simply offering private guidance to Appel.

At the same time, much about his involvement remains opaque. Unlike Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz, whose alleged role is reflected through certifications submitted to the court, Rabbi Perl has not publicly explained his actions in the litigation record. Consequently, many of the most important questions surrounding his involvement remain unanswered. What information did he review? Did he speak directly with Malachi or her representatives? Did he consult participants in the earlier intervention? Did he regard the prior restrictions as temporary, satisfied, or mistaken? Was his approval unconditional or subject to ongoing supervision? The public record presently offers no definitive answers.

From a broader sociological perspective, Perl’s role highlights the complex balance between accountability and reintegration within religious communities. Every community must confront difficult questions concerning allegations of misconduct, punishment, rehabilitation, forgiveness, and return to public life. The filings place Rabbi Perl at precisely that intersection. Whether he ultimately emerges as a witness to institutional rehabilitation, a defender of due process, a pastoral advisor seeking reconciliation, or simply a rabbi whose actions have been misunderstood will depend on facts that have yet to be fully developed.

For now, Rabbi Henoch Perl stands as one of the most consequential secondary figures in the controversy. He is neither accuser nor accused. Rather, he appears as the rabbinic authority whose guidance allegedly helped shape the transition from restriction to reintegration. In a dispute defined by competing narratives about power, trust, authority, and communal responsibility, few individuals occupy a more strategically important position than the rabbi whose judgment allegedly reopened the door.

Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz occupies one of the most intriguing and potentially consequential positions in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel. Unlike the named parties, he appears in the record primarily as a witness, communal authority, and institutional actor whose alleged actions illuminate how Lakewood’s rabbinic establishment responds when accusations are directed at one of its own leaders. The court filings place him at critical junctures in the chronology and portray him as possessing sufficient authority to convene rabbinic panels, evaluate evidence, influence communal standing, and shape the practical consequences faced by accused individuals. Yet the record also contains ambiguities surrounding his precise identity and role, making him a figure whose significance extends beyond the immediate allegations.

Little public biographical information is available concerning Rabinowicz outside the context of this dispute. The filings nevertheless suggest that he occupies a position of substantial respect within Lakewood’s Orthodox community. According to the plaintiff’s legal submissions, he was among the rabbis approached after Miryam Malachi presented evidence regarding her allegations against Appel. The filings state that Rabinowicz reviewed the material, participated in convening other rabbis, and became involved in an intervention designed to address the allegations internally before they entered the secular legal system.

According to the plaintiff’s account, the intervention represented a rare example of internal communal accountability. The filings allege that Rabinowicz and other rabbis confronted Appel regarding the allegations and that Appel admitted he had “a problem” and had done “terrible things” involving Malachi. The plaintiff’s attorneys rely heavily on this alleged admission because it originates not from Malachi herself but from respected insiders operating within the community’s own system of authority. If corroborated through testimony, such evidence would carry significance far beyond ordinary litigation because it would suggest that concerns regarding Appel’s conduct were acknowledged within the rabbinic establishment itself rather than arising solely from outside accusations. The filings further assert that Appel was directed to relinquish positions of trust and communal authority as a result of the intervention.

The importance of Rabinowicz’s alleged role lies not merely in the underlying allegations but in what it reveals about communal governance. In tightly knit Orthodox communities, social legitimacy often depends on the judgments of respected rabbis as much as on formal legal processes. A directive to step away from teaching, counseling, fundraising, or leadership functions can amount to an informal but highly effective disciplinary sanction. As portrayed by the plaintiff, Rabinowicz served as one of the architects of such a response.

The record becomes more complicated when the timeline reaches late 2025. According to the certification of Yehonatan Richenberg, Malachi’s husband, Appel had resumed teaching despite the earlier intervention. Richenberg states that he visited the school associated with Appel and encountered a Rabbi Rabinovich who informed him that Appel was now under the guidance of Rabbi Pearl and had been permitted to return to teaching. When Richenberg continued appearing at the school, he alleges that security personnel were present and that Rabbi Rabinovich warned him to leave or face police involvement.

A subtle but important ambiguity emerges here. The filings elsewhere refer to Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz, while Richenberg’s certification identifies Rabbi Rabinovich and explicitly notes that he was “a different rabbi than the one mentioned above.” This distinction creates one of the most overlooked questions in the litigation. If the two men are in fact different rabbis with nearly identical surnames, then the apparent contradiction in the community’s response may not reflect a personal reversal by a single authority figure. Instead, it may represent a transfer of responsibility from one rabbinic authority involved in discipline and investigation to another involved in institutional administration. Under that interpretation, what appears at first glance to be a dramatic change of position becomes evidence of competing functions within the community’s leadership structure.

If, however, the names refer to the same individual and the distinction is mistaken, the chronology would suggest a far more dramatic shift. The same rabbi who allegedly participated in confronting Appel and facilitating restrictions on his authority would later appear associated with the environment in which Appel resumed teaching. The public record presently does not resolve this question.

The physical setting of the later confrontation is also significant. The filings identify Kollel Cheshek Shlomo as the religious school owned and operated by Appel. This detail transforms the institutional analysis. The school was not described as an independent organization evaluating Appel from a distance. Rather, according to the complaint, it was closely connected to Appel himself. Consequently, the actions of administrators and security personnel at the school take on broader meaning because they involve the protection of an institution allegedly founded and controlled by the person at the center of the dispute.

The appearance of Rabbi Pearl introduces another layer to the story. According to Richenberg’s certification, Appel’s return to teaching was explained through the authority of Rabbi Pearl, who had become Appel’s new rabbinic adviser and had approved his resumption of educational duties. The significance of this allegation lies in its illustration of how authority functions within decentralized religious communities. Rather than operating through a single hierarchical structure, Orthodox communal life often involves overlapping networks of respected rabbis whose judgments may differ. One rabbinic grouping may conclude that restrictions are warranted, while another may determine that rehabilitation, supervision, or renewed participation is appropriate. The filings suggest that such a process may have occurred here, though the underlying facts remain disputed.

From a litigation standpoint, Rabinowicz remains one of the most important potential witnesses in the case. If he testifies, he may help clarify whether Appel made the alleged admissions, how the 2024 intervention unfolded, what restrictions were imposed, who participated in the decision-making process, and whether later developments altered the community’s assessment of the allegations. Few individuals appear better positioned to explain the internal response of the Orthodox community to the controversy.

Whether viewed as a communal investigator, disciplinary authority, institutional administrator, or potential witness, Rabbi Joseph Rabinowicz stands at the intersection of nearly every major theme in the case: religious authority, communal accountability, reputation, institutional self-preservation, and the complex relationship between rabbinic governance and secular law. The unresolved questions surrounding his role may ultimately prove as revealing as the answers.

Rabbi Yaakov Forchheimer is one of the most respected rabbinic authorities in Lakewood, New Jersey, and occupies a distinctive place in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel. Unlike other rabbis who appear in the record as alleged investigators, advisers, or decision-makers, Forchheimer’s importance arises from a dispute over the use of his authority rather than from direct participation in the underlying events. In the court filings and related public controversy, he emerges as a figure whose reputation became a contested asset in a broader struggle over credibility, legitimacy, and communal trust.

Forchheimer is a senior posek and communal rabbinic leader whose influence extends well beyond a single congregation. He has long been associated with the Lakewood rabbinic establishment and is widely recognized for his involvement in matters of halachic decision-making, communal guidance, and religious adjudication. He is identified with Bais Din Maysharim, one of the rabbinic institutions that helps resolve disputes and provide religious rulings within the Orthodox community. Through decades of scholarship, teaching, and communal involvement, he has become one of the figures whose opinions carry substantial weight among families, educators, businesspeople, and community leaders throughout Lakewood.

This standing explains why his name became significant in the dispute between Malachi and Appel. In a community where rabbinic authority functions as a primary source of social trust, the endorsement or perceived endorsement of a respected rabbi can have consequences far beyond those of an ordinary witness statement. A senior rabbi’s opinion may influence not only how allegations are viewed but also how institutions, schools, business networks, and families respond to them.

Within the controversy, Forchheimer first appears not through a sworn certification or personal statement but through claims attributed to him on the website and materials created as part of the public campaign against Malachi. According to the plaintiff’s filings, the website asserted that senior rabbis, including Rabbi Forchheimer, had requested that Malachi surrender her cellular phone for forensic examination on multiple occasions. The website further suggested that her alleged refusal to comply was itself significant evidence against her and contributed to the conclusion that her allegations lacked credibility.

The strategic importance of that claim is difficult to overstate. At the center of the litigation are disputed text messages, screenshots, photographs, electronic communications, and allegations of fabrication. By invoking Forchheimer’s name, the website effectively sought to frame the dispute not merely as a disagreement between two individuals but as a matter that had supposedly been reviewed by respected rabbinic authorities pursuing objective verification. Under that narrative, the issue was transformed from a personal accusation into a question of evidence preservation and forensic examination.

The plaintiff’s filings, however, present a sharply different account. According to Malachi’s certification, after the website appeared she personally met with Rabbi Forchheimer to discuss the claims being attributed to him. She alleges that during that meeting he informed her that he had never previously spoken with either her or her husband and had never requested possession of her phone for forensic review. If her account is accurate, the implications extend well beyond a simple factual error. The authority of a senior rabbinic figure would have been invoked publicly despite his having no involvement in the investigative process being described.

This dispute places Forchheimer in a unique position within the litigation. Unlike Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz, whose alleged role concerns the 2024 intervention involving Appel, or Rabbi Henoch Perl, whose alleged role concerns Appel’s later return to teaching, Forchheimer’s significance centers on a comparatively narrow but highly consequential factual question: was his authority accurately represented?

That question matters because it is unusually objective. Much of the broader litigation involves competing narratives, conflicting memories, disputed motives, and allegations that may be difficult to prove conclusively. The Forchheimer issue is comparatively straightforward. Either he requested access to the phone, authorized such a request, participated in discussions regarding forensic review, or he did not. Unlike broader questions regarding personal relationships or intent, this is a matter potentially susceptible to direct testimony and documentary corroboration.

For that reason, Forchheimer may ultimately become one of the most important credibility witnesses in the case. His testimony would not necessarily determine whether the underlying allegations against Appel are true or false. Rather, it could clarify whether a major component of the public campaign against Malachi accurately reflected the involvement of respected rabbinic authorities. In that sense, his role is less about the underlying misconduct allegations and more about the competing efforts to establish legitimacy within the community.

From a sociological perspective, Forchheimer’s appearance in the dispute highlights the importance of symbolic authority in tightly knit religious environments. Public controversies are often fought not only through facts but through appeals to trusted figures whose reputations serve as signals of credibility. The struggle over Forchheimer’s role reflects a deeper contest over who gets to claim the support of the community’s most respected institutions and leaders.

As matters currently stand, Rabbi Forchheimer remains largely an indirect participant. He has not publicly aligned himself with either side through sworn filings. His role is known primarily through statements attributed to him by others and through Malachi’s account of her meeting with him. Yet that very distance may enhance his significance. Because he is neither a principal actor nor an obvious partisan, his eventual testimony could carry unusual weight.

In the broader architecture of the case, Rabbi Yaakov Forchheimer functions as a contested source of legitimacy. His importance lies not in allegations against him or actions he is alleged to have taken, but in the question of whether his respected name was accurately invoked to support one side of a bitter communal conflict. Few secondary figures better illustrate how authority, reputation, and credibility can become central battlegrounds in disputes that extend far beyond the courtroom.

Chaya Rosenzweig is a New Jersey real estate entrepreneur, investor-relations specialist, and founder of Rose Capital whose role in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel places her at the intersection of business competition, communal politics, and reputational warfare. Among all the defendants named in the lawsuit, Rosenzweig is the figure most closely associated with the economic dimension of the dispute. While the public controversy has largely focused on allegations involving Appel, rabbinic interventions, and communal responses, the plaintiff’s filings portray Rosenzweig as representing a parallel struggle over investors, market share, business influence, and control of valuable commercial relationships within Lakewood’s growing real estate economy.

Rosenzweig built her professional reputation in the niche world of real estate syndication and investment marketing. Through Rose Capital, she has focused on identifying, promoting, and raising capital for commercial and multifamily real estate projects, particularly those connected to the rapidly expanding Orthodox communities of Ocean County, New Jersey. Her business model relies heavily upon relationships with investors in Israel, a market that has become an increasingly important source of capital for Lakewood-area development projects. Over time, Rosenzweig developed a public profile as a successful Orthodox businesswoman, appearing in interviews and discussions regarding entrepreneurship, real estate investing, and the challenges of building a business within a highly relationship-driven marketplace.

The importance of investor confidence within this sector cannot be overstated. Unlike publicly traded securities markets, syndication-based real estate investment often depends upon trust, reputation, and personal credibility. Investors frequently commit substantial sums based on referrals, communal relationships, and confidence in the individual presenting an opportunity. In such an environment, reputation is not merely a social asset but a commercial one. The ability to attract capital often rises or falls on perceptions of integrity, competence, and trustworthiness.

It is within this context that Rosenzweig’s relationship with Miryam Malachi became significant. According to the complaint, both women operated within overlapping commercial circles and competed for access to many of the same Israeli investors. The plaintiff alleges that tensions between them predated the public controversy surrounding Appel and arose from disagreements concerning investment opportunities, investor relationships, and the performance of certain real estate projects. The filings contend that Malachi investigated developments associated with Rosenzweig and raised concerns regarding some properties and investments being marketed to investors. According to the plaintiff’s theory of the case, Rosenzweig viewed those activities as a direct threat to her business interests and investor relationships.

The litigation further suggests that the conflict was not entirely new. According to court proceedings, disputes involving Rosenzweig and Malachi had previously surfaced in a rabbinical court setting, commonly referred to as a Beis Din. The existence of earlier proceedings is significant because it supports the plaintiff’s broader contention that the hostility between the parties developed independently of the allegations against Appel. Under the plaintiff’s narrative, the controversy involving Appel later became intertwined with an already-existing business rivalry.

Rosenzweig’s alleged role in the public campaign against Malachi forms the core of the plaintiff’s claims against her. The complaint portrays her not merely as a supporter of Appel but as one of the principal architects of the effort to discredit Malachi publicly. According to the filings, Rosenzweig participated in gathering information, developing narratives, drafting content, and shaping materials that ultimately appeared on the website created to attack Malachi’s reputation. The plaintiff specifically attributes portions of the website’s content to Rosenzweig and alleges that some of the allegations published there echoed claims Rosenzweig had previously advanced in other forums.

The plaintiff also alleges that Rosenzweig’s involvement extended beyond authorship and into the operational infrastructure supporting the website. Later filings reportedly connect Rosenzweig to domain registration and hosting arrangements through financial records and account information. These allegations remain contested, and no court has yet determined their accuracy. Nevertheless, they form an important part of the plaintiff’s effort to establish direct participation rather than mere association.

One of the more revealing aspects of the litigation concerns the alleged overlap between the website campaign and the commercial marketplace in which both women operated. According to the complaint, the publication of the website triggered immediate concern among investors connected to projects involving Malachi. The filings identify specific investment vehicles, including Sapphire Investment Group and 15 Beaver Hill, as experiencing demands for capital returns and investor withdrawals following the campaign. The plaintiff alleges that substantial sums were returned to investors and that additional investments became frozen or endangered as a result of the reputational damage she suffered. Whether those losses were caused by the campaign or by other factors remains a matter of dispute, but the allegations illustrate why the economic consequences occupy such a central place in the litigation.

The plaintiff’s theory ultimately portrays Rosenzweig as the defendant with the clearest independent motive. Unlike Appel, whose alleged motive centers on protecting himself from accusations, or various rabbis whose involvement concerns questions of communal governance and religious authority, Rosenzweig is portrayed as someone whose business interests allegedly benefited from the weakening of a competitor. Under this theory, the controversy surrounding Appel provided an opportunity to damage an individual competing for the same investors, the same relationships, and the same sources of capital.

From a sociological perspective, Rosenzweig’s role highlights the extent to which economic competition and communal influence overlap in tightly interconnected religious communities. Business relationships, charitable networks, educational institutions, rabbinic authority, and social standing often exist within the same ecosystem. As a result, commercial rivalries can acquire communal dimensions, while communal disputes can produce significant financial consequences. The litigation presents Rosenzweig as a figure operating precisely at that intersection.

At the same time, the allegations against Rosenzweig remain allegations. She and her co-defendants deny wrongdoing, and no court has made findings establishing the truth of the plaintiff’s claims. The public record presently reflects competing narratives rather than adjudicated facts.

Even so, Rosenzweig occupies a uniquely important place in the story. Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz represents the alleged effort at communal accountability. Rabbi Henoch Perl represents the alleged process of reintegration and rehabilitation. Rabbi Yaakov Forchheimer represents the struggle over legitimacy and rabbinic authority. Chaya Rosenzweig represents something different: the economic battlefield beneath the controversy. Her significance lies in the allegation that a conflict over reputation became inseparable from a conflict over investors, capital, and market position.

Whether ultimately viewed as a successful entrepreneur defending herself against false accusations or as a business rival accused of weaponizing communal networks against a competitor, Rosenzweig stands as one of the most consequential figures in the litigation. Her role illustrates how disputes that begin with personal allegations can evolve into battles over money, influence, credibility, and control within a closely connected commercial community.

Robert Keleti, sometimes identified in court filings and community materials as Moshe Kelety, is a Lakewood resident, community activist, and businessman whose role in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel has made him one of the most visible and publicly identifiable figures in the controversy. Unlike the rabbis who appear in the dispute as sources of religious authority or the business figures who allegedly operated behind the scenes, Keleti is portrayed in the plaintiff’s filings as the principal public-facing operator of the campaign directed against Malachi. If Appel is presented as the alleged beneficiary of the campaign and Chaya Rosenzweig as the figure associated with its commercial motivations, Keleti emerges as the individual who allegedly carried the effort into the streets, onto social media, and into the daily life of the Lakewood community.

Keleti’s importance in the litigation derives from a combination of personal relationships, physical proximity, and highly visible public conduct. He is the father of Chaya Rosenzweig, founder of Rose Capital, and is described in the complaint as a close ally of Appel. According to the plaintiff’s theory of the case, these relationships placed him at the intersection of the dispute’s two major dimensions: the allegations involving Appel and the broader business conflict between Rosenzweig and Malachi. The filings portray him as a trusted participant willing to take on public responsibilities while others operated through legal, institutional, or commercial channels.

One of the more unusual aspects of Keleti’s role is his alleged personal familiarity with Malachi. The complaint states that he lived near her while she resided at the Westgate apartment complex on Green Cove. This proximity became significant because some of the most damaging allegations attributed to Keleti relied explicitly on his claimed observations as a neighbor. Materials associated with the campaign reportedly quoted him as stating that he lived across from Malachi and witnessed a constant flow of men entering and leaving her apartment late at night. According to the plaintiff, these allegations were false and defamatory. Regardless of their accuracy, the claims carried particular force because they were presented not as rumor but as the observations of someone who purportedly lived nearby and possessed firsthand knowledge.

The plaintiff’s filings suggest that Keleti’s accusations served a specific function within the campaign. Rather than focusing exclusively on financial or business disputes, they targeted Malachi’s moral character, personal life, and social standing. In a tightly knit Orthodox community, such allegations can have consequences extending far beyond personal embarrassment. They can affect business relationships, educational opportunities, communal participation, friendships, and family reputation. The complaint alleges that Keleti’s statements were intended to maximize precisely those consequences.

What distinguishes Keleti from nearly every other figure in the litigation is the extent to which his alleged actions were public and attributable. According to the filings, he was not operating anonymously. The plaintiff alleges that he used his personal Facebook account to publish links directing community members to the website attacking Malachi. Screenshots reproduced in the filings reportedly show posts made under his own name encouraging readers to visit the site and learn more about her. Under the plaintiff’s account, Keleti was not merely repeating rumors but actively promoting the campaign while attaching his own identity and credibility to its contents.

The filings further portray him as the campaign’s primary field operator. According to the complaint and supporting exhibits, Keleti personally participated in distributing flyers, signs, and printed materials throughout Lakewood and neighboring communities. These materials allegedly appeared in public locations, on vehicles, and at sites connected to Malachi’s family. Particularly significant are allegations involving her children’s school. The plaintiff’s filings include references to security-camera footage and photographic evidence that allegedly place Keleti at school grounds while campaign materials were being distributed. If proven, such evidence would transform his role from that of a commentator into that of a direct participant in a coordinated public effort.

The existence of photographic and surveillance evidence is important because much of the broader litigation revolves around disputed narratives, private conversations, and competing recollections. By contrast, the allegations involving Keleti concern highly visible actions that are potentially susceptible to direct documentary verification. Whether the evidence ultimately supports the plaintiff’s account or the defense’s position, the controversy surrounding Keleti is unusually concrete compared with many other aspects of the case.

Keleti’s significance extends beyond the specific acts attributed to him. The plaintiff’s filings portray him as the individual who operationalized a broader campaign allegedly involving multiple participants. Under this theory, Appel provided the underlying motivation, Rosenzweig contributed business-related grievances and strategic content, while Keleti handled public dissemination and community mobilization. In this sense, the complaint presents him as the person who translated private hostility into public action.

His conduct during the early stages of litigation has also attracted attention. According to courtroom accounts referenced in reporting and filings, Keleti appeared in court without legal representation during initial proceedings concerning injunctive relief. He was reportedly questioned regarding his activities and confronted with evidence relating to flyer distribution and website promotion. These accounts depict him as someone willing to defend his actions publicly rather than retreat into anonymity. Whether that ultimately helps or harms his legal position remains to be determined, but it reinforces the broader picture of Keleti as an unusually visible participant in the dispute.

From a sociological perspective, Keleti represents the grassroots dimension of communal conflict. Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz appears in the record as a figure associated with internal accountability. Rabbi Henoch Perl appears as a figure associated with reintegration and rehabilitation. Chaya Rosenzweig represents commercial rivalry and competition for investors. Keleti represents something different: the mobilization of public opinion. His alleged actions illustrate how reputational campaigns function within close-knit communities where social networks, personal relationships, and local visibility can be as influential as formal institutional decisions.

At the same time, the allegations against him remain contested. Keleti and his co-defendants deny wrongdoing, and no court has yet determined whether the statements attributed to him were false, whether he acted with malice, or whether he participated in any unlawful conspiracy. The public record presently reflects competing claims rather than adjudicated facts.

Nevertheless, among all the defendants in the litigation, Keleti may be the easiest for outsiders to understand. The case contains complex questions involving rabbinic authority, religious governance, arbitration agreements, real estate syndications, and communal politics. Keleti’s alleged role is more direct and tangible. The plaintiff portrays him as the man who posted the links, distributed the flyers, made the accusations, and carried the campaign into public view. Whether ultimately viewed as a concerned community member warning others about conduct he believed to be true or as a central participant in a coordinated effort to destroy a woman’s reputation, Robert Keleti stands as the most visible public face of one of the most bitter and consequential disputes to emerge from Lakewood’s Orthodox community in recent years.

Ian Goldman is a New Jersey attorney and litigation partner at Levin Shea Pfeffer & Goldman, P.A. whose role in the dispute involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel marks the point at which a conflict that had unfolded through rabbinic intervention, communal pressure, and reputational warfare entered the formal arena of the New Jersey court system. Unlike most of the major figures associated with the controversy, Goldman is neither a rabbinic authority, business competitor, community activist, nor alleged participant in the underlying events. His significance derives from his position as Appel’s attorney and from the legal strategies employed to contain, manage, and defend against allegations that evolved into a high-profile civil action.

As a partner at Levin Shea Pfeffer & Goldman, P.A., Goldman practices within the world of commercial litigation and civil disputes. His professional obligations differ fundamentally from those of the other figures who populate the litigation. While rabbis exercise religious authority, businesspeople pursue commercial interests, and community members engage in social advocacy, Goldman operates within a framework governed by legal ethics, procedural rules, evidentiary standards, and client representation. The actions attributed to him throughout the controversy therefore provide insight into the defense’s legal strategy rather than the underlying factual merits of the allegations themselves.

Goldman’s appearance in the chronology signals an important transition. Much of the early dispute unfolded through informal community mechanisms. Allegations were presented to rabbis. Interventions were conducted through religious authority. Questions of discipline and communal standing were debated within the Orthodox community. By the time Goldman emerges as a visible figure, the dispute had begun shifting into a formal legal contest involving liability exposure, settlement discussions, evidence preservation, trespass claims, media relations, and eventual litigation.

One of the earliest significant episodes involving Goldman concerns alleged settlement discussions that took place in late 2024. According to the plaintiff’s certifications, Goldman participated in a meeting with Malachi and her husband during which a proposal was conveyed that would have provided approximately $50,000 to cover future therapy and related expenses in exchange for a release of claims and a confidentiality agreement. The plaintiff characterizes the proposal as an attempt to secure silence regarding the allegations against Appel. The defense would almost certainly view the same discussions as ordinary settlement negotiations, a common feature of disputes involving serious allegations and potential civil liability. No court has ruled on the significance or interpretation of those discussions, but they remain an important part of the chronology because they represent one of the first documented efforts to resolve the controversy outside of formal litigation.

Goldman’s role became substantially more visible in November 2025 after a series of confrontations involving Yehonatan Richenberg, Malachi’s husband, and institutions associated with Appel. According to the filings, Richenberg repeatedly appeared at locations connected to Appel, including Kollel Cheshek Shlomo, seeking answers regarding Appel’s return to teaching. In response, Goldman sent a formal letter dated November 16, 2025 that would become one of the most concrete documents associated with his involvement in the case.

The letter, written on the firm’s letterhead, functioned as a combined no-contact and no-trespass notice. It identified specific locations associated with Appel and directed Richenberg to cease appearing at those properties. The correspondence further stated that Appel was in possession of video evidence documenting earlier encounters and warned that future incidents could be treated as trespass or harassment, potentially resulting in legal action and contact with law enforcement. The letter illustrates Goldman’s approach to the dispute: transforming informal confrontations into issues governed by formal legal process. Rather than permitting continued face-to-face encounters, the communication sought to establish enforceable boundaries and create a documented legal record.

The references to video evidence are particularly notable because they reveal a parallel process of evidence gathering occurring on the defense side. Much of the plaintiff’s case relies upon screenshots, photographs, financial records, text messages, recordings, and other forms of documentation. Goldman’s letter suggests that Appel and his representatives were likewise collecting surveillance footage and maintaining records of interactions they believed relevant to their defense. In this respect, the dispute evolved into a contest not merely over competing narratives but over competing evidentiary archives.

Goldman has also played a significant role in shaping the defense’s public messaging. Acting as Appel’s attorney, he provided statements to the media outlining the core defense theory. In comments reported by the *New York Post*, Goldman rejected the allegations against his client in unequivocal terms. Rather than arguing that the events had been misunderstood or exaggerated, he reportedly asserted that the plaintiff’s claims were fabricated, that the screenshots and digital evidence were themselves fabricated, and that the controversy constituted part of a broader extortion and smear campaign directed against Appel. He further challenged the identification of Appel in certain photographs submitted as evidence.

These statements are important because they reveal the central battleground likely to dominate discovery and trial. The defense strategy, as publicly articulated by Goldman, focuses heavily on authenticity. If the plaintiff’s digital evidence can be authenticated, it strengthens her case considerably. If the defense can demonstrate fabrication, manipulation, or misattribution, the entire structure of the plaintiff’s narrative could be undermined. Goldman’s public statements therefore serve as an early roadmap to the evidentiary disputes that are likely to shape the litigation.

From a broader perspective, Goldman’s involvement highlights the migration of authority from one system to another. Earlier stages of the controversy were governed largely by rabbis, communal institutions, schools, investor networks, and social pressure. Goldman’s appearance marks the increasing dominance of a different set of mechanisms: settlement negotiations, evidentiary authentication, discovery requests, deposition testimony, media strategy, and judicial rulings. The controversy ceased to be solely a communal dispute and became a formal civil case governed by the rules of the New Jersey Superior Court.

This transition makes Goldman a uniquely important figure in understanding the case’s evolution. Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz appears in the record as a symbol of communal accountability. Rabbi Henoch Perl appears as a figure associated with reintegration and rehabilitation. Rabbi Yaakov Forchheimer represents the struggle over credibility and the use of rabbinic authority. Chaya Rosenzweig represents alleged commercial rivalry and investor competition. Robert Keleti represents public mobilization and community-level advocacy. Ian Goldman represents something different: legal containment, procedural control, and risk management.

At the same time, it is important to recognize that Goldman is not accused of participating in the underlying alleged misconduct, creating the website, distributing flyers, or making communal decisions. His actions are those of counsel representing a client facing serious allegations. The plaintiff interprets some of those actions as part of a broader effort to suppress or contain damaging information. The defense would characterize them as routine and appropriate legal representation. No court has made findings against Goldman personally.

Even so, his role remains central because he serves as the bridge between the informal world in which the controversy originated and the formal legal system that will ultimately determine its outcome. In a dispute that spans rabbinic authority, communal reputation, real estate competition, social-media campaigns, and allegations of sexual misconduct, Goldman is the figure tasked with translating all of those conflicts into the language of pleadings, evidence, procedure, and law.

Yehonatan “Yoni” Richenberg emerged as one of the most consequential non-party figures in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel. Although he is not a plaintiff in the underlying lawsuit, his actions, certifications, and public role place him at the center of many of the dispute’s most important developments. As Malachi’s husband under Jewish law, Richenberg evolved from a supportive family member into a principal witness, advocate, and participant whose conduct repeatedly forced issues that had been handled privately within communal and rabbinic channels into the public sphere. His story illustrates how a controversy that began as an allegation of personal misconduct expanded into a broader conflict involving religious authority, communal accountability, reputational warfare, and formal civil litigation.

Unlike many of the other major figures in the case, Richenberg is neither a rabbi, attorney, business competitor, nor institutional leader. His involvement arises entirely from his relationship with Malachi and his determination to challenge what he believed was a failure by community institutions to adequately address the allegations against Appel. The filings portray him as a deeply invested participant whose actions repeatedly accelerated the movement of the dispute from private conversations into increasingly public confrontations.

One of Richenberg’s earliest appearances in the chronology concerns alleged settlement discussions that took place before formal litigation commenced. According to the plaintiff’s certifications, he attended a meeting involving attorney Ian Goldman, counsel for Appel, during which a proposal was conveyed that would have provided approximately $50,000 for future therapy and related expenses in exchange for a release of claims and a confidentiality agreement. The plaintiff’s side portrays the proposal as an effort to secure silence regarding the allegations against Appel. The defense would likely characterize the same discussions as routine settlement negotiations commonly undertaken in disputes involving serious allegations and potential legal exposure. Regardless of interpretation, the filings present Richenberg as someone who rejected the proposed resolution and instead continued pursuing other avenues of accountability.

His significance increased dramatically in late 2025 after learning that Appel had allegedly resumed teaching despite an earlier rabbinic intervention. According to Richenberg’s sworn certification, he was disturbed by reports that Appel had returned to a position of authority involving students and sought explanations from those responsible for the decision. This concern prompted a series of visits to institutions associated with Appel, particularly Kollel Cheshek Shlomo, which would become a turning point in the controversy.

Richenberg’s certification serves as one of the principal documentary sources for understanding this phase of the dispute. Through his sworn statement, he provides much of the public record concerning Appel’s return to teaching, the responses of school administrators, the role allegedly played by Rabbi Henoch Perl, and the increasingly tense confrontations that followed. In this respect, Richenberg functions not merely as a participant but as one of the primary narrators of the events that transformed the controversy from an internal communal matter into a public legal dispute.

According to his certification, the escalation unfolded over a compressed period in November 2025. Richenberg states that he first went to the school seeking answers regarding Appel’s return to teaching and was informed that Appel was operating under the guidance of Rabbi Henoch Perl. Unsatisfied with the explanation, he returned on subsequent occasions. The filings allege that the institutional response became progressively more forceful. Security personnel were present, warnings were issued, and the possibility of police involvement was raised. What had begun as an attempt to obtain answers increasingly became a confrontation between an aggrieved family member and institutions determined to maintain order and control access to their facilities.

These events ultimately prompted formal legal intervention. On November 16, 2025, Appel’s attorney, Ian Goldman, issued a written no-contact and no-trespass letter directed at Richenberg. The correspondence warned him to stay away from locations associated with Appel and indicated that future encounters could result in legal consequences. The letter marked an important transition in the chronology. The dispute was no longer being managed solely through conversations, rabbis, or communal relationships. It had entered the realm of documented legal positioning and potential civil litigation.

Richenberg also occupies a central position in one of the most consequential factual disputes in the entire case. The website created to attack Malachi’s credibility alleges that Richenberg attempted to extort approximately $48,000 from Appel through text messages. According to the narrative advanced on the website, Richenberg allegedly demanded money and threatened public exposure if payment was not made. The website reportedly included screenshots that it presented as evidence of those communications.

Richenberg has categorically denied the allegation. In a sworn certification submitted under penalty of perjury, he states that he never sent the messages attributed to him and never communicated any demand resembling the one depicted on the website. His position goes beyond a simple denial of improper intent. According to his certification, the communications themselves are fabricated. This distinction makes the controversy particularly significant. The dispute is not over the meaning of a message but over whether the message existed at all in authentic form.

As a result, the alleged extortion messages have become one of the clearest factual fault lines in the litigation. If the messages are authentic, they could substantially support the defense narrative that financial motivations played a role in the controversy. If they are fabricated, they could become powerful evidence supporting the plaintiff’s claim that a coordinated campaign existed to discredit both Malachi and those associated with her. Because the dispute centers on a specific screenshot, a specific communication, and a direct sworn denial, it is likely to be particularly susceptible to forensic examination and evidentiary scrutiny.

The controversy also appears to have affected Richenberg’s daily life beyond the courtroom. According to the plaintiff’s filings, the publication of personal information and the public campaign against the family led to heightened security concerns. The family allegedly invested in surveillance systems and other protective measures after their residence became publicly associated with the controversy. Whether viewed as a necessary response to perceived threats or an overreaction to public criticism, these allegations suggest that the dispute extended well beyond legal filings and into the practical realities of family life.

From a broader analytical perspective, Richenberg occupies a unique position within the cast of characters surrounding the litigation. Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz appears as a figure associated with communal accountability. Rabbi Henoch Perl appears as a figure associated with rehabilitation and reintegration. Rabbi Yaakov Forchheimer represents contested legitimacy and credibility. Chaya Rosenzweig represents alleged commercial rivalry. Robert Keleti represents public mobilization and community activism. Ian Goldman represents legal containment and procedural strategy. Richenberg represents something different: the family advocate whose persistence repeatedly forced private controversies into public view.

Whether one views his actions as accountability-seeking, confrontational, protective, or provocative, they played a central role in shaping the chronology of the dispute. His refusal of the alleged settlement proposal, his challenges to Appel’s return to teaching, his confrontations with institutional authorities, his receipt of legal warnings, and his sworn denial of the extortion allegations all became pivotal moments in the evolution of the case.

At the same time, the allegations surrounding Richenberg remain contested. The defense portrays him as a participant in an extortion scheme and as someone whose conduct crossed appropriate boundaries. The plaintiff portrays him as a husband seeking accountability for his wife and protection for his family. No court has yet resolved those competing narratives.

Even so, Richenberg’s significance within the litigation is unmistakable. He is more than a supporting figure standing beside the plaintiff. He is one of the principal engines driving the chronology of the 2025 phase of the dispute, a witness whose credibility is directly tied to some of the case’s most important factual questions, and a participant whose actions helped transform an internal communal controversy into a matter of public record and judicial scrutiny.

Kollel Cheshek Shlomo occupies a central place in the litigation involving Miryam Malachi and Rabbi Avraham Appel because it served not only as a religious institution but also as the physical, organizational, and symbolic foundation of Appel’s authority within the Orthodox community of Lakewood, New Jersey. Throughout the court filings, the seminary appears repeatedly as the location where questions of leadership, accountability, institutional loyalty, and communal legitimacy converged. While the public controversy focuses primarily on allegations against Appel, the dispute repeatedly returns to Kollel Cheshek Shlomo because the institution became the arena in which those allegations were tested against the realities of power, governance, and communal self-preservation.

According to the filings, Kollel Cheshek Shlomo is a religious private school and advanced Torah study institution owned and operated by Appel. Within the Orthodox Jewish world, a kollel is far more than a classroom. It functions as an educational institution, a center of religious authority, a community hub, a fundraising platform, and a source of social prestige. The leader of such an institution often occupies multiple roles simultaneously, serving as educator, counselor, mentor, fundraiser, and communal authority. Consequently, challenges to the leader of a kollel are rarely confined to the individual. They inevitably affect the institution through which that authority is exercised.

The ownership structure alleged in the litigation is significant. The filings do not portray Kollel Cheshek Shlomo as an independent institution evaluating Appel from a distance. Rather, they repeatedly characterize it as Appel’s own institution. This distinction shapes the entire accountability question at the heart of the dispute. If restrictions were imposed upon Appel, those restrictions necessarily implicated the future of the institution itself. Decisions concerning his ability to teach, counsel, or exercise authority were not merely personnel matters. They affected the operation and identity of the organization he controlled.

The physical reality of the institution reinforces this point. The November 16, 2025 no-trespass letter issued by attorney Ian Goldman identifies 502 and 506 New Egypt Road in Lakewood among the locations from which Yehonatan Richenberg was instructed to stay away. These addresses anchor the controversy to specific parcels of real estate and reveal that Kollel Cheshek Shlomo was treated not simply as an abstract educational enterprise but as a physical asset requiring protection. The legal effort to establish enforceable boundaries around these locations illustrates how the conflict became tied to concrete questions of access, property rights, and institutional control.

The school’s importance increased dramatically following the alleged rabbinic intervention of 2024. According to the plaintiff’s filings, Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz and other rabbis confronted Appel regarding allegations involving Malachi and secured an agreement that Appel would step away from positions of trust and authority. Whether those allegations and admissions are ultimately substantiated remains a matter for the courts and witnesses. What is clear from the litigation is that the question of whether those restrictions remained in force became inseparable from the future of Kollel Cheshek Shlomo.

That conflict erupted into public view in November 2025. According to the sworn certification of Yehonatan Richenberg, he learned that Appel had resumed teaching and returned to Kollel Cheshek Shlomo seeking answers. The certification has become one of the principal sources for understanding this phase of the dispute. Richenberg alleges that school administrators informed him that Appel had returned to teaching under the guidance of Rabbi Henoch Perl. Unsatisfied with that explanation, he returned to the school on multiple occasions over several days.

Those visits transformed the institution from a passive backdrop into an active participant in the chronology of the case. According to the filings, the response hardened with each encounter. Administrators allegedly defended the decision to allow Appel’s return. Security personnel were present. Warnings were issued. The possibility of police intervention was raised. What had begun as an internal question concerning rabbinic discipline evolved into a confrontation over who possessed the authority to determine the institution’s future.

The appearance of security personnel is one of the most revealing aspects of the record. Educational and religious institutions are ordinarily designed to facilitate learning, mentorship, and community engagement. By late 2025, however, Kollel Cheshek Shlomo had reportedly become a monitored and protected perimeter. Goldman’s subsequent no-trespass letter states that Appel’s side possessed video evidence documenting Richenberg’s visits on multiple dates. This detail introduces an important symmetry into the broader dispute. Much of the plaintiff’s case relies on digital evidence, including text messages, photographs, financial records, recordings, and screenshots. The school itself had become a source of digital evidence for the defense, generating surveillance footage and visitor records that could later be deployed in legal proceedings.

In this sense, the institution evolved beyond its educational mission. It became an evidentiary environment. The same building that housed Torah study and religious instruction also functioned as a site where surveillance footage, security protocols, and legal documentation were generated in anticipation of litigation. The controversy transformed the school into an organization operating simultaneously within religious and legal frameworks.

The relationship between Kollel Cheshek Shlomo and other entities associated with Appel further complicates its role. The plaintiff’s filings repeatedly connect the institution to a broader network that included charitable operations, fundraising activities, and community programs. According to the plaintiff’s theory of the case, Appel’s status as an educator, communal leader, and charitable figure helped establish the trust that initially facilitated his relationship with Malachi. The complaint further argues that the prestige associated with his educational and charitable work lent legitimacy to financial assistance that later became the subject of intense dispute. The defense rejects these characterizations, but the allegations underscore how difficult it is to separate the institution from the broader ecosystem of influence surrounding its founder.

The school also became an important symbol during the public relations battle that followed. The filings suggest that Appel’s supporters viewed the continued operation of Kollel Cheshek Shlomo as evidence that the institution remained stable despite mounting allegations. The plaintiff, by contrast, portrays the school’s willingness to permit Appel’s return as evidence that earlier accountability mechanisms had collapsed. Thus, the institution became a visible measure by which each side judged the success or failure of its narrative.

Viewed broadly, Kollel Cheshek Shlomo progressed through three distinct stages during the controversy.

First, it functioned as a source of authority. It provided Appel with students, donors, prestige, and a platform from which to exercise communal influence.

Second, it became a contested institution. Questions emerged regarding whether earlier restrictions remained in force, who possessed the authority to modify them, and whether the institution’s interests were aligned with accountability or rehabilitation.

Third, it became a defended perimeter. Security personnel, surveillance systems, police warnings, legal notices, and formal boundaries transformed the school into a protected institutional space operating under the shadow of litigation.

This evolution explains why the institution occupies such a prominent place in the court record. Kollel Cheshek Shlomo was not merely where events happened. It was the institution through which authority was exercised, challenged, defended, and ultimately litigated. The struggle over Appel became inseparable from the struggle over the institution itself.

From a sociological perspective, the school serves as a microcosm of the larger conflict. Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz represents the alleged effort at communal accountability. Rabbi Henoch Perl represents the alleged process of rehabilitation and reintegration. Chaya Rosenzweig represents commercial rivalry and economic interests. Robert Keleti represents public mobilization. Ian Goldman represents legal containment and procedural control. Kollel Cheshek Shlomo represents the institution at the center of all those competing forces.

Whether ultimately viewed as a religious school defending its mission during a period of intense controversy or as a power center struggling with questions of accountability and governance, Kollel Cheshek Shlomo remains one of the most important institutions in the case. The court filings repeatedly return to it because it was the place where allegations, authority, property, surveillance, legal strategy, and communal reputation converged. Few institutions better illustrate how a personal dispute can evolve into a broader struggle over power, legitimacy, and control within a tightly interconnected religious community.

The comfortable version about civil litigation is that it is a morality play. Court as guardian, mob as violator. The law shields the vulnerable woman and the smear site drags her into the open. That story flatters everyone who tells it. It is also wrong about how court works.
Courts conceal a short, technical list. Social Security numbers. Financial account numbers. Driver’s license numbers. The names of some minors. The list grew out of worry about identity theft and fraud once filing went electronic and data brokers could scrape the records. The protected category tracks the system’s fears, not the litigant’s. The court guards what exposes it to fraud and liability. It leaves alone what gets a person hurt.
But many things stay in by design. The default is open access, and open access is the oldest good idea in public justice. You cannot have secret tribunals. The presumption that anyone can read the file lets a reporter check a judge, lets an advocacy account post the docket, lets you read this case at all. The exposure and the accountability come from one source. The smear site breached nothing to find the address. It could have pulled it from the file the plaintiff’s own lawyers uploaded. What might get called weaponization was, in part, the court’s transparency working as built. You do not get the check on power without the exposure of the person, not under the rule as written.
The privacy the law does offer goes to whoever knows to ask. New Jersey lets some victims keep an address out, by carve-out, by motion to seal, by a Doe caption, through the state confidentiality program. None of it happens on its own. The represented, sophisticated party knows the moves. The immigrant single mother in financial distress, the person the protection exists for, may never learn the moves exist. So the burden of staying safe sits on the litigant least equipped to carry it. The protection is real and conditional, and conditional protection flows to the savvy. A class story hides inside the procedure story.
Whichever way the assault claim lands, the structural fact stands. The courthouse protects itself before it protects you.
A false claim is heinous. Manufactured documents are heinous. A person who posts lies on a website is doing something heinous. We don’t know yet who the bad guys are in this story.

When these type of allegations are made, how does the local orthodox community decide who to side with?

The community does not hold a vote. It reads signals, and the strongest signal is standing.
Standing means how deeply a man sits inside the networks that run the town. Appel employs more than two hundred men, raises millions, builds housing, and holds a place in the donor and rabbinic circles that hold Lakewood together. His fall costs the community jobs, money, a building project, and a name it has paid into. The woman who brought the suit came as an immigrant single mother asking for charity. Her vindication costs the community a respected man and forces a reckoning it would rather avoid. The default tilt runs toward the embedded man before anyone weighs a fact. People know, without saying it, which outcome is cheaper for them.
Then comes rabbinic authority. The community waits to see which rabbonim stand where. A signed letter from a recognized rosh yeshiva or posek can close the question for thousands of people who never read the complaint. If senior figures back the accused, the town follows. If they step back, his support drains in a week. So the verdict is less a judgment than a cascade keyed to a handful of men at the top. Most people take their position from the position of the man above them.
Distrust of secular courts shapes the rest. Going to a civil court against a fellow Jew, rather than to a beis din, reads to many as a breach of its own. It lets the accused cast the accuser as the one who broke faith with the community. The phrase used against the plaintiff here, a danger to klal yisroel, draws its force from exactly that suspicion. It reframes a woman pressing a claim as a woman attacking the Jewish people. The historical root runs deep. For centuries the outside court was the enemy’s court, and informing carried real danger, so the instinct to keep disputes inside has the weight of survival behind it. That instinct protects the community from hostile outsiders. It also protects men who count on no one talking.
The community also moves to contain. A scandal is a chillul Hashem, a stain on the name of the institution and the town, and the first response of the people around an accused leader is to make it quiet. That means settlements, pressure, chosen therapists, lawyers, and a careful management of who hears what. The advocacy groups that publicize these cases, ZA’AKAH among them, exist to break that containment, which tells you how strong the containment runs.
Underneath all of this sits a reading of credibility that has little to do with evidence. The community reads yichus, marriage, money, and length of belonging. A married man with a family, a beard, a kollel, and decades inside reads as substance. An immigrant single mother who took charity reads as someone who can be painted as unstable, ungrateful, or after money. The same facts land differently depending on who carries them.
Information control decides the rest. Almost no one reads the filing. They learn the story through WhatsApp, through a website, through what a rabbi said at a tisch. Whoever owns the channel owns the verdict. An alleged smear site and flyers at a school are not side details. They are a fight over the only thing that moves this community, which is the story it hears.
What flips it is hard evidence and broken ranks. More complainants coming forward, since a pattern is harder to wave off than one account. Documents that resist denial, like the registration records cited in this suit. A beis din ruling, or a senior rabbi who turns. Standing shields a man right up to the point it stops, and then the collapse runs fast, because the same people who followed the authority down now follow it back up.
None of this is particular to Lakewood or to Orthodox Jews. Any tight community with strong internal authority and a long memory of hostile outsiders behaves this way. The Catholic Church did. The pattern follows from the structure, not the theology. A community protects its own, and the cost of that protection falls on whoever has the least standing to begin with.

Tipping is key. The trick is to watch the signals that cost the signaler something. Online comments are free, so they tell you nothing. A man moving his money, a rabbi attaching his name, a board member resigning, a kollel scrubbing a website: those cost something, and they move before anyone will say out loud which way he leans.
The clearest tip toward collapse is a second complainant. One account stays a contest of two people’s word. A second turns it into a pattern, and a pattern resists the fabrication defense. The advocacy group in this case has already asked others to come forward, so the watch is on whether anyone answers. Silence after that call is itself a reading, and it points the other way.
Next, watch the rabbonim, and watch for the thing that does not happen. In a town like Lakewood a recognized man under attack draws a signed letter of support fast. If the senior names stay quiet, that vacuum is the signal. A letter that never comes says more than any letter that does. The same goes for distancing dressed as procedure: a leave of absence, a co-rosh kollel stepping to the front, his name coming off the campaign, an event quietly cancelled.
Then watch the money, because money is the most honest vote in the community. Donors pause before they speak. A stalled campaign, a board that goes silent, pledges that do not clear: these move ahead of public opinion. Note that the published campaign here shows past its goal, above a million dollars. Read that with care. It might mean the base holds, or it might be money raised before the suit surfaced and not yet withdrawn. The number to watch is the next one, not this one.
A shift in the defense is a tell. A move from “it did not happen” to “it was a business dispute” or “it was consensual” concedes contact and fights over its meaning. Watch whether the lawyers hold the line that the man in the photographs is not Appel, or whether they let it drift. Watch the documents. If the registration records that tie the website to a phone and a credit card survive challenge, the fabrication story gets harder to sell, and people who were waiting start to move.
Now the signs the other way, toward the accused holding. A unified letter from named authorities. A counter-suit for extortion that produces its own evidence and reframes her as the aggressor. A smear that takes, so that the room repeats “danger to klal yisroel” without anyone pushing back. The accuser’s own credibility attacked with material the community finds plausible, a prior dispute, a money motive, an inconsistency. And above all, no second voice. If the call for others goes out and nothing answers, the man tends to hold.
The asymmetry to keep in mind is timing. Support is loud and early. Collapse is quiet and late. The early noise can sit on top of an erosion already underway, so the official position of the community can stay frozen while the private position has moved. Watch the gap between what people say and what they do, between the public letter and where the checks go, between the tisch talk and the empty seats. That gap is where the tip shows up first.
Standing protects a man until the cost of protecting him passes the cost of dropping him. The tip is the moment enough people privately cross that line. You see it not in the speeches but in the small, expensive withdrawals that come before the speeches change.

The public record here runs mostly through criminal cases involving children, so hold one thing in mind before the pattern. The Appel suit is a civil action brought by an adult woman. Most of the cases that reached a courtroom and left a trail involved minors, and the criminal track moves on different rails from a civil one. With that caveat, four trajectories recur.
The first is flight. Avrohom Mondrowitz, a Ger Hasid in Brooklyn who presented himself as a rabbi and a psychologist and ran a practice and a school for troubled boys, was indicted in 1985 on sodomy and sex crimes against five minors and fled to Israel in 1984 as New York authorities prepared to arrest him. Advocates put the number of his alleged victims near a hundred. He was never tried. The first extradition request failed because sodomy did not count as an extraditable offense under the treaty, the treaty was amended in 2007, and in January 2010 Israel’s Supreme Court still refused to send him back. Critics charged that Brooklyn DA Charles Hynes slow-walked the case for two decades to keep the ultra-Orthodox vote. Malka Leifer, the Melbourne case close to your own world, ran the same way and ended differently: she fled to Israel, fought extradition for years, and was sent back and convicted in 2023. Flight sometimes works and sometimes only delays.
The second is intimidation, then conviction, then a long campaign to undo the conviction. Nechemya Weberman, an unlicensed counselor in the Satmar community, was convicted in December 2012 of 59 counts of sustained sexual abuse of a girl who came to him over three years from the age of twelve. During the trial men were arrested for trying to bribe the girl and her husband to drop the case, and others were accused of photographing her on the witness stand and posting the images online. He drew 103 years. But that number became the community’s grievance rather than its reckoning. The Satmar bloc worked the system for over a decade, and in January 2026 a Brooklyn judge cut the sentence to eighteen years, with the victim present and objecting. A conviction is not the end. The pressure continues against the sentence for as long as the votes hold.
The third runs through Lakewood and Ocean County court. Yosef Kolko, a camp counselor and yeshiva teacher, abused an eleven-year-old boy. The father first wanted the matter handled inside the community and asked a senior rabbi to keep Kolko away from children and send him to therapy, then went to prosecutors in 2009. The family was attacked and ostracized for going to the police, one man was charged with witness tampering for pressuring them to drop the charges, and the family was forced to move to the Midwest. The father, a prominent rabbi, lost his job. Kolko pleaded guilty mid-trial, days after a woman and a man came forward to say they too had been victims, and drew thirteen years. He then spent years claiming the community had coerced the plea, an inversion where the abuser borrows the language of communal pressure to walk it back.
The fourth is the institutional cover-up broken by the press. Baruch Lanner ran regions of NCSY, the Orthodox Union youth group, and teens complained about his abuse to his superiors for years and no action was taken until The Jewish Week published a detailed investigation of three decades of abuse, after which the group dismissed him. He was convicted in 2002. A vocal minority of rabbis attacked the paper and the reporter for lashon hara, the prohibition on spreading damaging speech. The lever was a reporter, not a rabbi, and the institution moved only once it could no longer not move.
Across the four, the variables that decide the outcome are consistent. A second voice changes everything, as Kolko shows. The press changes everything, as Lanner shows. A prosecutor willing to spend political capital changes everything, and a prosecutor unwilling to spend it lets a Mondrowitz run out the clock. Documentary evidence that resists denial does the rest. The throughline is that the community’s first instinct is containment, the families who break ranks pay a price whether or not they win, and even a win can be chipped away for years by the same forces that resisted it at the start. The cases that end in a conviction are the ones where the containment failed early, usually because more than one person spoke.

The same standing that buys a woman belief in these situations also raises the price she pays to speak.
A community that runs on trust networks rather than on documents allocates credibility by standing, and a woman’s standing gets read through observance, dress, speech, marriage, connections, and yichus. The reading happens before anyone hears the substance. A woman who dresses and speaks right draws the benefit of the doubt. A woman who reads as modern, or as a baalas teshuva, or a convert, or an immigrant, or divorced, or dependent on charity, starts behind, and has to overcome a prior the other woman never faces. Reputation does the same work a clean evidentiary record does in a court that has no records.
The credibility and the freedom to use it run in opposite directions. The woman most likely to be believed, the tznius, well-married, well-connected woman from good yichus, is the woman with the most to lose by speaking. Her family’s shidduchim, her husband’s standing, her children’s schools, all of it sits on the table the moment she goes public. So she tends to stay quiet. The woman least likely to be believed, the modern or marginal one, is freest to speak, because she has already priced herself out of the shidduch market and the social economy that the community uses to discipline her. The contempt and the loss of control come together. That is why so much of the exposure in these cases comes from the margins or from people who have already left. Leaving trades credibility for immunity from leverage.
The reading is also comparative, not absolute. The community does not weigh her standing alone. It weighs her standing against his. A woman of high yichus accusing a man of lower standing is a different contest from the same woman accusing a rosh kollel who employs two hundred men and raises millions. Her connections help her only up to the point where they exceed the pull of his centrality. Past a certain gap, no amount of modesty or lineage moves the room, because the cost of believing her is the loss of him, and the room counts that cost first. The Appel suit sits near the far end of the mismatch. An immigrant single mother who came for help against a man who anchors a whole network. That gap, more than any fact in the complaint, sets the early tilt.
High standing on her side does not only protect her. It can also convert into pressure from her own people to stay silent, because a family with a name to guard often guards the name before it guards the daughter. So the formidable, connected woman gets believed and gets leaned on, by the community and by her own family, to spare everyone the scandal.
The believability of a woman accusing a powerful man has always tracked her class, her race, her respectability, her connections. Juries read defendants the same way. The frum community uses tznius and yichus where the secular world uses polish and pedigree, and both sort the witness before they weigh the claim. Saying so out loud is the only part that breaks a taboo. The sorting runs everywhere.

If a high-level rav with years of Talmud learning does something graphic and gross akin to what is alleged in this NY Post story, how do they understand and justify it?
People, including rabbis, do what they can to satisfy their appetites when they believe they can get away with it.
The learning does not stop it. Talmud trains analysis, memory, verbal speed, and status competition. It does not train a man against using a desperate woman. Decades in the beis medrash can sit on top of a moral interior that never grew, and the assumption that the lamdan must therefore be good is itself one of the beliefs that shields these men. So the first thing to drop is the expectation that the learning and the conduct cannot live in the same person. They live in the same person often.
The way they live together is by compartment. The learning occupies the daylight self, the office occupies a sealed room, and the two rarely touch in his mind. He does not walk around feeling like a fraud. He experiences his avodah as real, because it is real, and the conduct happens somewhere the Torah categories never get carried. That is why the alleged register is so crude, the locker-room voice, the line under the photo. A man does not bring the vocabulary of the sugya into that room. He brings appetite and a different self, and the crudeness is the sign that the room runs on its own rules.
Then the trained mind turns from guard into tool. The same skill that finds a heter for a hard case in money or kashrus can build a permission for himself. He redefines the category. He tells himself the act does not meet the technical definition of the forbidden thing, that her status or her conduct changes what it is, that this is not the prohibition the simple man thinks it is. A plain man cannot talk himself past a plain issur. A sharp one constructs the staircase around it. The sophistication is the danger, not the protection.
Years of paskening for others feed a second move. A man who decides for everyone else what is permitted can come to locate the law in himself. If he allows it, it is allowed. His sense of how much he carries for klal Yisroel becomes a standing exemption in his own head. The rules bind ordinary men. He carries the load, so he draws latitude. The judge comes to believe he sits above the thing he judges.
He also rewrites the woman. She pursued him, she wanted it, she is troubled, she is a nisayon sent to test him. The charity he gave gets re-narrated from exploitation into generosity she now repays with a knife. This is where the smear comes from, and not only as tactics. Branding her a danger to klal Yisroel confirms his story to himself. The threat is her. He is the one under attack. And the cover-up gets a halo. Exposure would destroy the Torah he built and the families he feeds, so silencing her becomes the defense of something holy rather than the defense of himself. A man who scripts a woman’s therapy sessions can tell himself he is helping her.
Theology hands him an exit on top of all this. If teshuva is always open and his merits are vast, the sin turns into a debit in a ledger he trusts will balance. He can do it on Monday and learn with fire on Tuesday, because the account never closes. The greatness and the fall coexist as a story he has heard about great men before.
The support structure does the rest. He sits where money, deference, and access all flow toward him, where he decides who gets a stipend and who gets a home, where no one tells him no. A man who stops hearing no from the world stops hearing it inside.
I cannot read this man’s mind, and the allegations are denied and unproven, so take the above as the shape of the general case, not a verdict on him. And not every offender does this interior work. Some know exactly what they are, feel the guilt, and act anyway. Some are closer to ordinary predators wearing the costume, and the learning is the costume. The compartment is not airtight for everyone.
The hard finish is the one your earlier question already pointed at. The community, and the man himself, lean on the belief that the learning guarantees the character. It does not. The learning gives him the tools to evade and the cover to keep evading, and the more impressive the learning, the better the cover.

I know rabbis criminally convicted of embarrassing sex crimes who can’t stop themselves from teaching Torah, even in mundane conversations. Why? Because teaching Torah is the last wall of the self still standing.
Strip the title, the shul, the kavod, the freedom, and the one identity that survives the conviction is the man who knows and gives over. He built his whole worth on the teacher’s chair. He has nothing else to be. So in a mundane conversation the vort comes out, because it is the one role left that still tells him he is someone. Each small piece of Torah is a quiet claim. I am still that man. The crime did not erase the scholar.
Part of it runs on rails. Decades of learning make Torah his native speech. He thinks in sugyos and reaches for a vort the way another man reaches for a story about his kids. The crime never touched the wiring, so even in small talk the Torah comes out, because that is how his mind moves.
The teaching also restores the old order in the room for a second. Giving Torah puts him back in the higher seat, above the listener, the source rather than the receiver. For a disgraced man that small reassertion of the hierarchy he lost is balm. Every time someone takes his Torah, the verdict that he is below and contemptible gets overturned for a moment. The generosity is a status move wearing the clothes of a gift.
Then it holds the compartment wall in place. The scholar-self and the conduct lived in separate rooms, and the teaching is the proof he keeps offering himself that the scholar is the real man and the crime was the sealed room. As long as he is giving over Torah, the crime stays an episode and not an identity. Stop teaching and the wall cracks, and the crime has to be folded into who he is. He cannot afford that, so he cannot stop.
The Torah in his mouth never turns on him, which is why it stays comfortable to hold. It became a tool of evasion before the crime and it stays one after. He can hold forth on the holiness of speech while having sent the texts, because the Torah he handles has been cut loose from any application to himself. Teaching it costs him no reckoning. It only flatters him.
The compulsion is real, and it shares a root with the crime. The man who could not stop himself in the office cannot sit in a room as an equal and let the floor belong to someone else. The grandiosity that told him he stood above the law is the same grandiosity that needs an audience and cannot tolerate being one man among others. The predation and the compulsive teaching grow from one stem, a self that has to hold the room and cannot rest as ordinary.
The community feeds it. The reverence for the words is strong enough that the speaker gets a pass when the vort is good. People still nod, still thank him, still defer to the Torah even from a convicted source. He learns that the one currency accepted everywhere, even from a man like him, is Torah, so he keeps spending it, because it still buys a flicker of the old standing.
For some of these men it is not a scheme. It is a wrecked life clinging to the one clean thing left in it, and the teaching is the only hour of the day they feel like the person they meant to be. That is sad rather than sinister. Both can be true in the same man, in the same shiur, on the same afternoon.

Zaakah, a Jewish non-profit dedicated to fighting sexual abuse, posted on Facebook April 30, 2026:

***Updates on Rape Allegations against Lakewood Rosh Kollel, Avraham Yeshaya Appel, GoDaddy Records Seemingly Indicate Appel, Chaya Rosenzweig Directly Connected to Website Shaming Plaintiff***

Since this is a difficult case to follow with a lot of moving parts we are reposting a fuller update with added context. That said, for those who are unfamiliar with the details of the original complaint, please read our original post about the rape allegations against Avraham Yeshaya Appel and his alleged attempts to intimidate Plaintiff into silence here:

Plaintiff in this case is an immigrant who at the time of the alleged rape was a single mother who alleged in her January 2026 civil complaint that Rabbi Avraham Yeshaya Appel, a prominent Lakewood Rosh Kollel came to her home in June 2022, when her husband was hospitalized and her children were at school, and raped her. Plaintiff alleges that she was introduced to Appel through a teacher at her child’s school who believed Appel could help her financially.

Plaintiff alleges he then threatened her into silence, including by warning that an inmate who had previously taken the fall for him in another matter would “take care of” her if she spoke up, and that he would have her exiled from the Orthodox community. According to the complaint, in July 2024 a panel of rabbis convened by Rabbi Yosef Rabinowicz confronted Appel about the allegations, and Appel admitted he had “done terrible things” to Plaintiff and had “a problem,” whereupon the rabbis directed him to step down from his teaching role at the Kollel. Later that year, the complaint alleges, Appel’s attorney offered Plaintiff a $50,000 lump sum in exchange for a release of all claims and a confidentiality commitment. Plaintiff and her allegedly husband refused.

According to the complaint, when Plaintiff and her husband learned in November 2025 that Appel was teaching again, having simply found a new rabbi to bless his return, Plaintiff’s husband began going to Appel’s Kollel to confront him, and made clear that Plaintiff intended to file her claims in civil court. Within weeks, the complaint alleges, a website appeared online dedicated entirely to attacking Plaintiff. The website, the complaint alleges, uses Plaintiff’s name in its URL and identifies her as “a danger to Klal Yisroel,” accuses her of theft, fraud, extortion, sexual immorality, hosting “drug” parties, conducting “countless” affairs with married men, and operating “a revolving door of male visitors.”

The website, according to the complaint, also published her home address. Around the same time, the complaint alleges, flyers carrying the same accusations began appearing on cars, in mailboxes, and on signs throughout Plaintiff’s neighborhood in Lakewood, including on the front of the school her children attend. Plaintiff alleges that Appel coordinated this campaign with Chaya Rosenzweig, a real estate professional who competes directly with Plaintiff for Israeli real estate investors, and Rosenzweig’s father, Robert Keleti, with the explicit purpose of preempting and discrediting the lawsuit before it was filed. The complaint alleges that Appel’s motivation for creating and spreading the website was to discredit Plaintiff in the community to preemptively discredit her allegations against him, and that Rosenzweig’s motivation was retaliation for Plaintiff informing Rosenzweig’s investors of her allegedly fraudulent practices.

The website remains live as of this writing.

Following the filing of the complaint, according to court filings, Plaintiff filed a motion asking the court to force Appel to take down the website and stop the broader intimidation campaign against her. During the initial hearing on that request, Appel denied any connection to or control over the website or the efforts to smear Plaintiff’s name in Lakewood. Robert Keleti, who was present unrepresented, was sworn in and confronted with evidence, including a security camera photograph from Plaintiff’s children’s school, that he had been hanging the flyers there. He seemed to indicate that he believed the content of the website was true. His testimony didn’t continue for very long because the judge realized he didn’t know what was happening at the hearing and advised him to stop talking without a lawyer.

During a break for a bench conference, Keleti was overheard complaining to Appel about his lack of representation. According to Keleti, Appel had promised to pay for Keleti’s lawyer if the case ever went to court. Keleti, however, had been forced to show up to the hearing without any representation and seemed upset about that.

Appel claimed during the hearing that he had no control over the website and had had no part in publishing it. Plaintiff claimed that he had made the website in collaboration with Rosenzweig and Keleti to preemptively discredit her before she could file a complaint over Appel’s alleged rape of her in civil court. The complaint alleged that Rosenzweig was motivated by retaliation because Rosenzweig and Plaintiff share a substantial overlap in their networks of Israeli investors, and some of Rosenzweig’s own investors had been approaching Plaintiff with concerns about Rose Capital Group’s practices, with Plaintiff sharing publicly available information that confirmed cause for concern. Keleti allegedly joined the effort on behalf of his daughter, Chaya Rosenzweig.

Rosenzweig, for her part, claimed that she should be excluded from the case altogether, and certainly from any injunctions decided at this initial hearing, because any claims between her and Plaintiff were covered by a prior arbitration agreement she and Plaintiff had signed for proceedings before a Beis Din in Lakewood over a previous business dispute. Plaintiff claimed that the arbitration agreement had been limited in scope, only covering that dispute, and that in any event the Beis Din’s involvement had been terminated by Rosenzweig before Plaintiff had filed her civil suit.

At the end of the initial hearing on the request to take down the website, the judge decided to issue only a limited decision on the request because Plaintiff hadn’t proven that Appel controlled the website, that all of its claims were false, and that Appel had a part in creating it. Instead the judge said he wanted to see more evidence, especially subpoenaed records from GoDaddy as to who had purchased the hosting space and domain name for the website. Instead of ordering Appel to take down the website, he issued a very limited injunction against both sides publishing or sharing defamatory information about each other.

While the injunction was very limited, it did technically create a mechanism for holding one side in contempt if it was proven that they were sharing false claims. One of the claims on the website, for example, according to the complaint, was that Plaintiff had embezzled the money raised for that wedding. In court filings referenced during the hearing, Plaintiff had filed an affidavit written by the couple whose wedding she had fundraised for and hosted at her home. In the affidavit the couple confirmed that not only had Plaintiff not embezzled anything, and not only had the wedding happened at Plaintiff’s house, but Plaintiff had fallen short of the fundraising goal, raising only $2,000 of the roughly $10,000 needed, and Plaintiff and her husband had paid the remaining $8,000 themselves out of pocket.

Nonetheless, the judge felt uncomfortable issuing a broader injunction against Appel and Keleti ordering them to take down the website and materials without seeing more evidence. Regarding Rosenzweig, he held off addressing her while the question about arbitration was litigated.

In the weeks following the initial hearing, according to subsequent filings, GoDaddy responded to a subpoena Plaintiff had served before the first hearing. According to a subsequent filing by Plaintiff, the results showed that every piece of contact information on the GoDaddy account hosting the website led back to Appel, Rosenzweig, or someone in their immediate families.

According to the filings, Appel’s phone number was the principal phone number associated with the account. The secondary phone number, according to the filing, belongs to Ezra Rosenzweig, Chaya’s husband, whom Plaintiff has since added as a defendant to the complaint. The email address associated with the account, the filing claims, belongs to Appel’s brother, Bentzion Appel. The credit card used to pay GoDaddy’s fees, according to the filing, belongs to Chaya Rosenzweig.

Ironically, according to the filing, the credit card’s connection to Rosenzweig was discovered because the same card had been used to make a $50 donation to the very wedding fundraiser the website accuses Plaintiff of embezzling. The filing also alleges that, tellingly, after the judge issued his limited injunction at the first hearing the website was magically updated to remove some of the information Plaintiff had demonstrated was false. For example, according to the filing, the claim that Plaintiff had stolen the money she raised for the couple’s wedding was changed to imply that instead she had started the fundraiser without the couple’s knowledge. Even that revised claim was debunked, however, according to the filing, by another affidavit from the couple contradicting it.

The filing further alleged that despite the court’s earlier warning that it would be “crazy” for defendants to continue the campaign, Appel and his associates have only escalated their harassment of Plaintiff.

According to the filing, a person claiming to be a relative of Appel had contacted Plaintiff’s ex-husband in Israel in an attempt to solicit negative information about Plaintiff’s mental health. Appel himself, the filing alleges, contacted the principal of Plaintiff’s son’s school, reminded him that Appel had previously helped raise money for the school, and asked for a meeting to discuss the implications of the lawsuit on Plaintiff’s son’s enrollment. When the principal refused, according to the filing, Appel threatened that the principal would be receiving calls from other rabbis seeking the removal of Plaintiff’s son from the school. The principal, according to the filing, told Plaintiff’s representative that he intended to protect her son and would take no such action against him.

In addition to the evidence submitted along with this filing, there was another filing in which Plaintiff alleged that on a recorded phone call between Appel’s rabbi, Henoch Perl, and Plaintiff’s rabbi, Yosef Rabinowicz, Perl said that, according to Appel, Plaintiff’s own toen (rabbinical advocate) in the Beis Din matter with Rosenzweig, Rabbi Moshe Yitzchok Schonberger, had advised Appel shortly before the website was published that Appel had to do something to preempt the lawsuit before it was filed, otherwise it would be too late.

Inexplicably, however, during the second hearing on the contempt motion, the judge refused to consider the evidence obtained from GoDaddy regarding Appel’s alleged involvement in the website. Despite seemingly clear records showing Appel’s number associated with the account, Appel argued that he nonetheless lacked control over the website. The judge even went on a long tangent about how he couldn’t be sure that even if it was Appel’s number it was actually used by Appel to create the GoDaddy account, or that it was still in his possession or in any way under his control. It seemed that the judge had no real understanding of how web hosting worked and how websites were made and run.

The judge also didn’t seem to find compelling the argument that Appel was engaging in intimidation of Plaintiff by allegedly calling her son’s school and threatening the principal. He denied the motion in its entirety.

The case is currently proceeding with limited discovery allowed for the purpose of ascertaining whether the Beis Din proceedings between Plaintiff and Chaya Rosenzweig encompass the current defamation claim against Rosenzweig and would therefore have to be arbitrated in Beis Din rather than litigated in civil court. For the time being the website remains up, and Plaintiff continues to live, day in and day out, with the campaign of public defamation, threats, and intimidation that prompted this lawsuit in the first place.

Zaakah posted Jan. 14, 2026:

***Lakewood Rosh Kollel, Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Appel, Sued for Sexual Assault, Defamation by Plaintiff Claiming He Raped Her and Instigated a Coordinated Campaign to Publicly Defame Her***
According to a complaint filed in Ocean County Civil Court, Plaintiff, an immigrant and single mother of two, was in significant financial distress. In early 2020, according to the complaint, Plaintiff shared with her child’s teacher that she was having trouble paying for child care, and the teacher suggested she reach out to Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Appel, a trusted rabbi and pillar of the community who ran several charities and often counseled women in similar circumstances as well as being the Rosh Kollel at Cheshek Shlomo, which he owned.
In February of 2020, according to the complaint, Appel and Plaintiff met at a local Starbucks and Appel presented himself as a rabbi, mentor, advisor, and friend that Plaintiff could trust, confide in, and depend on. He also, according to the complaint, offered Plaintiff, who had significant experience in real estate, the opportunity to solicit investments on behalf of his real estate business and its development projects, structuring her compensation as an advance against future commissions. The complaint alleges that between June and July of 2022 Appel issued six separate payments to Plaintiff characterized as advances against future commissions totaling $20,000.
Plaintiff alleges that despite these payments being characterized as loans or advances Appel never requested that the funds be returned. During the same period, the complaint alleges, Appel also provided Plaintiff with financial assistance to pay for groceries and other necessities.
In June of 2022, according to the complaint, Appel came to Plaintiff’s home when he knew her husband was hospitalized and her children were in school, forced himself on Plaintiff and sexually penetrated her, despite Plaintiff’s clear and persistent cries that he stop. According to the complaint, the more Plaintiff pled for mercy the more aggressive Appel became. Before he left, the complaint alleges, Appel insisted that Plaintiff erase the Ring footage Plaintiff had of him entering her home, and supervised her as she did so.
In the months that followed, the complaint alleges, Appel forced himself upon Plaintiff and took sexual advantage of her on multiple occasions, as well as bombarding her with demands for sexual acts, and a steady barrage of texts containing crude and graphic sexual content. For example, according to the complaint, Appel sent Plaintiff a picture of himself along with messages saying he wanted to squeeze her breasts, lick her vagina dry, and others, along with a picture of his penis followed by comments about sucking it. Pictures of the aforementioned were attached as exhibits to the complaint.
The complaint alleges that Appel threatened and intimidated Plaintiff to be quiet about the abuse, repeatedly threatening her that an inmate who had taken the fall for Appel in connection with another matter would “take care of” Plaintiff if she disclosed any details regarding Appel’s sexual abuse and other conduct. Appel also allegedly told Plaintiff that he would have her exiled from the community if she chose to speak to anyone about the sexual assault. Appel also allegedly insisted that Plaintiff use a therapist he recommended and also scripted with her exactly what she should say to the therapist to get the help she needed to address the trauma he’d caused without revealing what had actually happened.
In July of 2024, according to the complaint, Plaintiff met with Rabbi Yosef Rabinovitch and shared with him evidence of the alleged sexual assault and other incidents. The complaint alleges that convinced by the evidence that something must be done to address the situation and the danger Appel posed to the community, Rabbi Yosef Rabinovitch summoned the help of other rabbis and together arranged an intervention with Appel. At that meeting, according to the complaint, Appel admitted that he had done terrible things to Plaintiff and that he had a problem. The complaint alleges that Plaintiff is not the only victim of Appel’s sexual acts and misconduct. In response, the complaint alleges, the rabbis directed, among other things, that Appel step down as a rabbi and from all other positions of trust.
In late 2024, the complaint alleges, Appel requested that Plaintiff and her husband meet with his attorney to discuss a resolution. At that meeting, according to the complaint, Appel’s lawyer advised Plaintiff that he was willing to make a lump sum payment of $50,000 to Plaintiff to cover her future therapy expenses if she and her husband agreed to release him from any claims related to the alleged sexual assault and keep all incidents between them confidential. The complaint states that Plaintiff and her husband rejected the proposal.
According to the complaint, when Plaintiff and her husband learned in November of 2025 that Appel continued to serve as a rabbi and hold positions of trust, Plaintiff’s husband went to Appel’s Kollel on several occasions to confront him, but Appel wasn’t present. The complaint alleges that later that month when Plaintiff’s husband went to the school he was confronted by Rabbi Rabinovich (not Rabbi Yosef Rabinovitch), one of the administrators of the Kollel, who advised Plaintiff’s husband that Appel now had a new Rabbi, Rabbi Henoch Pearl, who had permitted Appel to start teaching again. In response, according to the complaint, Plaintiff’s husband told Rabbi Rabinovich that he was going to continue coming to the school until he had the chance to talk to Appel, and that his wife was going to pursue a case in civil court.
The complaint alleges that when Plaintiff’s husband returned a few days later there was security present, and Rabbi Rabinovich told him to leave or the police would be called. A few days later, the complaint alleges, Plaintiff’s husband received a letter from a lawyer warning him to stay away from the premises of Appel’s home, Kollel, and other businesses and organizations.
According to the complaint, soon after learning that Plaintiff intended to pursue her claims in civil court, Appel, Robert Keleti, and Chana Rosenzweig launched a campaign to destroy Plaintiff personally and professionally and vindicate Appel publicly. The complaint alleges that Plaintiff’s ex husband acknowledged in a text message to Plaintiff’s close friend sent before the campaign began that Appel had reached out to Plaintiff’s ex husband to enlist his assistance in his plan to take down Plaintiff. In the same text exchange, according to the complaint, Plaintiff’s ex husband acknowledged that Rosenzweig had also contacted him during the same period and asked for similar help.
Plaintiff first learned, according to the complaint, in December of 2025 that the three of them had created a website with Plaintiff’s name as the URL in which the public was warned to beware of Plaintiff and that she was a danger to Klal Yisroel. The website, which was produced in full as an exhibit to the suit and was still live at the time of this post, alleges that Plaintiff stole funds raised for a couple whose wedding she hosted at her house. In fact, the complaint alleges, according to an affidavit provided by the couple, that Plaintiff attempted to raise $10,000 for the wedding, only managed to raise $2,000, and paid the remaining $8,000 out of pocket.
The website further alleges, according to the complaint, that Plaintiff blackmailed and extorted Appel based on a distorted account of relevant events between the two of them purportedly by a relative of Appel, and alleges that Plaintiff’s husband sent Appel a text message threatening that he and his wife were going to break the silence if Appel didn’t pay them $48,000 and purports to include a screenshot of the texts. The complaint states that as set forth in a statement by Plaintiff, she did receive funds from Appel but those funds were always understood by her to be an advance against future commissions, or gifts to help her and her children with their financial needs. In an affidavit filed as an exhibit to the complaint, Plaintiff’s husband contends that he never sent the text depicted on the website or any other message to that effect, and that they were manufactured.
The website also claimed, according to the complaint, that Plaintiff had told a rabbi that she had evidence of Appel’s reprehensible conduct but refused to turn over her phone for a forensic examination. In fact, the complaint alleges, Plaintiff met with this rabbi after she learned of the website and he confirmed that he had never spoken with Plaintiff or her husband, much less requested that she turn her phone over for forensic screening. There were further allegations on the website, according to the complaint, of blackmail, extortion, stealing from Appel under the guide of threatening suicide, asking for money under false pretenses, like her son’s Bar Mitzvah, and then threatening to use the record of payment as evidence of payment for “services” and threatening to publicize that information unless she was paid more.
Plaintiff, according to the complaint, unequivocally confirms in her affidavit that she never engaged in any such conduct.
The website further accuses Plaintiiff, according to the complaint, that Plaintiff enjoys having affairs with married men, has had countless married boyfriends in numerous places at the same time, hosts parties involving drugs and dancing between married and non married people, that she married her ex husband just to get a green card, that Plaintiff failed to keep Kosher, and that she had a revolving door of male visitors at her home. The website, according to the complaint, also disclosed Plaintiff’s address for the alleged purpose of inviting community members to further harass Plaintiff and her family.
Keleti, according to the complaint, took it upon himself to spread the message in other ways, posting a link to the website on his Facebook, and posting signs smearing Plaintiff throughout the community including Plaintiff’s children’s school, and similar materials on cars and mailboxes in the area.
Keleti, according to the complaint, is Chaya Rosenzweig’s father. Rosenzweig, according to the complaint, is a licensed real estate professional and the founder and owner of Rose Capital Group, a business that markets commercial real estate investment opportunities in Ocean County and other parts of the region to Israeli investors. Rosenzweig, according to the complaint, competes directly with Plaintiff in the solicitation of investments from Israeli investors in this very niche market, with a material overlap between Plaintiff’s and Rosenzweig’s respective networks of investors.
The complaint alleges that Rosenzweig’s animus to Plaintiff is driven by more than simple business competition, and that some of Rosenzweig’s investors had reached out to Plaintiff and expressed concerns regarding their investments with Rosenzweig. Plaintiff, according to the complaint, researched publicly available information about those investments and identified what appeared to be cause for concern. Rosenzweig is concerned, the complaint alleges, that like Plaintiff her investors are prepared to pursue claims against Rosenzweig in civil court and, like Appel, is using the website and the overall smear campaign to discredit any information Plaintiff provided to them.
Plaintiff alleges that Appel’s conduct and defamatory campaign with Keleti and Rosenzweig has destroyed her business, exacerbated her mental health, and compounded the trauma of the sexual assault.

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Blogging Ethics

My blogging ethics have two components: public interest and truth. If something is true and in the public interest, then it is good to go by my standard.
My favorite moral test for all of my behavior is how I would feel about it if it were accurately captured on the front page of The New York Times.
I’m a Jew who loves Judaism, but I do not see, at a glance, what Torah adds to blogging ethics.
By the way, this is a superficial blog post provided on the fly. It’s not like my deep work that adds to human knowledge.
If you want to increase your status in religious Jewish life, it helps to talk about how Torah guides your life, but when Jewish writers talk about how Torah provides indispensable ethical counsel for their writing ethics or for their politics, I find these claims are rarely serious. Usually, they are just preening. Usually, they are just convenient beliefs aka beliefs that pay without regard to truth.
I almost never learn anything from what people say because we all tend to provide what the situation expects.

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Ten Minutes: The Hero System of Rabbi Amram Gabay

At 6:18 on a Thursday morning, October 29, 2009, a man in a hooded sweatshirt walks down the ramp into the underground garage beneath Adat Yeshurun Valley Sephardic Congregation in North Hollywood and opens fire. Two men fall, both shot in the legs, one thirty-eight, one fifty-three, each arriving alone for the early service. The police call it a possible hate crime and never settle the motive. Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (b. 1953) comes to the synagogue and puts an arm around the rabbi for the cameras. A reporter asks a worshipper how the congregation took it. The worshipper says the rabbi had everyone back at prayer ten minutes after the shots.

Ten minutes. Hold that.

Ernest Becker (1924-1974) built his late work around the claim that a man knows he will die, the knowledge sits in him like a stone, and he spends his life inside arrangements that promise he will not die, or will not die for nothing. Becker called these arrangements hero systems. In The Denial of Death he argued that culture hands each man a script for mattering, a way to earn a place that outlasts the body. Two terrors sit underneath the script. The first is death. The second is insignificance, the dread that a man might vanish and leave no mark, that the world will not notice he came and went.

A rabbi who restores the morning service ten minutes after a shooting answers both terrors at once, and he answers them with one word. Continuity.

The word sits in many mouths. It holds steady and the meaning moves.

On a slope in Burgundy a man walks his rows before dawn. The vines stand older than his grandfather. The cellar runs cold and dark and his father’s chalk marks fade on an old barrel. For him continuity means the domaine. He will die and the wine will carry his name, and a buyer in Tokyo will pour the vintage and say the family makes the best on the hill. His promise against death is land and a label.

In a home outside Seoul a family sets a low table for the dead on the anniversary. Rice, soup, fruit, each dish placed by rule, the men bowing and the ancestor invited to eat. For them continuity means the dead still come to the table. The line runs backward and the living feed it.

In an office off the 101 a founder tells his first engineers he wants to build something that outlasts him. He means the company. The cap table, the logo, the name on the building after the funeral. For him continuity means the going concern.

On a parade ground a color sergeant carries the regimental colors and the colors never touch the ground. Battle honors stitched into the silk, the regiment older than any man who marches under it. For him continuity means the line holds.

In a basement off a freeway a man past fifty still books the shows, presses the records, and turns down every offer for the catalog. Selling out is the one sin. For him continuity means the scene stays real after he goes.

Each man bets against time, and time wins most of these bets. The domaine sells in a bad year. The company gets bought and renamed. The regiment dissolves in a budget cut. The scene ages and empties. Their continuity is a hope wearing the clothes of a fact.

For the rabbi the word claims to be the fact. His chain runs to Sinai and past his own grave. The covenant has an Author, and the Author does not die, and a man who keeps the practice steps into a line that began before him and runs on after him by a guarantee no buyer can break. The dead pray with the living. The melodies came out of Morocco and carry an Andalusian sound, and a man in the Valley sings what his great-grandfather sang. The melody carries the line. The singing keeps it alive.

So, ten minutes. A bullet is an interruption, and interruption is the enemy, because the unbroken line answers death. Let a gunman stop the morning service and the service was never what the rabbi said it was. Resume in ten minutes and the claim stands. Nothing a man does with a gun reaches the thing the prayer protects.

A confident secular reader has a tidy account of all this. The Valley shul is an ethnic survival, sweet and a little sad, Moroccan Jews keeping old food and old tunes alive between a daycare and a parking structure. Subtract the supernatural and you have a community center with good cooking and beautiful melodies. The continuity is real, the reader says, and the rest is decoration.

Becker spent a career on the flaw in that account. Subtract a man’s hero system and you do not arrive at bare reality. You arrive at his next hero system. Take the covenant from the rabbi and he does not become a clear-eyed modern who has made his peace with the void. Nobody makes peace with the void. He reaches for the founder’s cap table or the vigneron’s label or some other promise that he will not wholly die. The reader who feels superior to the shul keeps his own vehicle and calls it realism. The rabbi at least names the terror his vehicle answers. He does not sell the chain as a wellness practice. He says a man dies, and here is the one thing death does not reach.

The chain that saves also binds, and an essay that loved the man and softened the cost would do him no honor. A rabbi for whom interruption is the enemy meets many interruptions wearing human faces. The son who leaves. The daughter who wants more than the women’s section gives her. The doubter who keeps coming and keeps not believing. The convert who stands before the beit din and gets weighed. The wife who needs a get and waits on men to grant it. As vice president of the Rabbinical Council of California the rabbi sits inside an authority that certifies food, runs a court, and decides who counts as in and who counts as out across thousands of homes. The line holds because someone holds it, and the holding falls hard on those who do not fit.

He might carry this knowledge. A man does not lead a congregation for decades without burying people he loved and standing under the canopy with couples who later walk away from everything he taught them. The honor lies in carrying the cost without dressing the vehicle up as free. He asks his people to bind themselves to a thread. He binds himself first and hardest. He does not hide the price in soft words.

Three coordinates locate the man. The first is what he holds sacred: the unbroken practice, a literal immortality, the dead davening beside the living and the living davening for the unborn. The second is the terror he answers: death, and beneath it the smaller death that haunts a small and hunted people, the fear of erasure, of a tradition snuffed out in one bad generation while the neighbors barely look up. The third is the cost: a community that treats interruption as the enemy presses hardest on its own restless members, and the thread that carries the faithful ties down the ones who want to leave.

Go back to the garage. 6:18, the ramp, the shots, two men down on the concrete. Ten minutes later the men who can still stand face east and say the words said that morning in a thousand other rooms and on ten thousand mornings before this one. The rabbi does the only thing his hero system lets him do in the face of death. He refuses the interruption. He picks the thread back up. From inside the system that is courage. From outside it is one more man managing the oldest fear in the species, the way the winemaker and the founder and the color sergeant manage it, with more candor than most and a heavier bill than he lets anyone see.

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The Resident Alien: A Hero System Essay on Rabbi Natan Halevy

A boy of ten sits with two documents. One is an Australian passport. The other is a green card stamped Resident Alien. He reads those two words and something in him goes cold. He is not American. He does not feel Australian. He does not feel Israeli, and he has never set foot in Iraq, the country his parents left after 1967. He looks at the card and he sees that no country will claim him. Then he reaches the one answer that holds. He decides that above all he is a Jew.

Ernest Becker (1924-1974) gives us the grammar for that cold feeling. Man is the animal who knows he will die. He carries a mind that reaches the stars inside a body that ages, leaks, and rots, and he cannot bear the contradiction, so he builds a hero system: a structure of meaning that lets him earn a place in some order larger and longer than his own flesh. The hero system tells him what counts as significance and how to win it. Win enough of it and he can believe, against the evidence of the grave, that he amounts to something the worms cannot touch. The child of ten has no theory of death. He has its rehearsal. To belong to no country, to be claimed by no one, to be a resident alien on the earth, is the death terror handed to a boy in a wallet. The passport that is not a passport says the quiet thing out loud. You could vanish and no nation would record the loss.

The cheap reading arrives fast and we should clear it away first. The cheap reading says Rabbi Natan Halevy is a man compensating. The boy sorted into the dumb class at Hillel Hebrew Academy, the boy whose classmates laughed at his kippah, grows up and proves he is smart and proves he belongs, and the rabbinate is the proof. Becker’s whole argument cuts against this subtraction. There is no clean, uncompensated man waiting underneath the vehicle. Strip away the hero system and you do not find a free and clear-eyed individual. You find the creature alone with the terror and nothing to hold it. Every man you have ever admired was compensating for the same wound, the wound of being a body that dies. The question is never whether a man has built a vehicle. He has. The question is which one he built, whether he knows he built it, and whether the thing is honorable. On all three counts Halevy comes off better than most.

Look at the scenes that build the vehicle. At Hillel they ran a smart class and a dumb class, and they put him in the dumb one. He was a good reader. He carried the verdict into his thirties before therapy and self-work let him set it down. He tells an interviewer the logic he used to climb out. “If you are a rabbi, if you are reading the Torah and giving speeches, you cannot be that dumb.” He folds the wound and its repair into one sentence. The same man says you cannot love your fellow if you do not love yourself, which reads less like a sermon than like a note he wrote to a younger version of himself.

Then the kippah. He puts it on at Beverly Hills High School and Jewish kids laugh, and the shame doubles, because the mockery comes from inside the house. He spends a stretch off the derech. He does not hide this. A man who hides it has not finished metabolizing it. He has.

Then the father. The boy comes home from a year in Israel, enrolled in a Brooklyn yeshiva, weighing college and a trade, and he asks his father what to do. The father says: stay in yeshiva, learn to be a rabbi. The son is nineteen. He says, “I am going to honor my father.” Becker would stop the film here. The standard hero story runs the other way. The son overthrows the father, makes himself his own cause, becomes the author of his own life, the causa sui project that wants to give birth to itself. Halevy inverts it. He becomes a self by submitting to a word handed down. He merges into something older than he is and by merging he stands out, because few Iraqi men become rabbis. The Iraqis around him go into business, medicine, law. He goes into the chain. Becker, following Otto Rank (1884-1939), named these as the two pulls in every life: the urge to merge into something vast and the urge to stand out as someone. Most men can satisfy one only at the cost of the other. Halevy found the rare arrangement where the same act does both.

Now the word he keeps returning to. Pride. He quotes the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1902-1994), on “the greatness and the pride of Jacob,” and he says this is his ethos, that every Jew should feel it, that the present trouble in Israel comes from a shortage of it. Sit with the word, because Becker’s deepest point is that a sacred word is not one thing. It names a different transaction inside every hero system, and the men who use it are not describing the same world.

To a Cistercian monk pride is superbia, the first of the deadly sins, the root from which the others grow, the thing he rises at three in the morning to starve. His whole life is the slow killing of the self that wants to be praised. To a Marine drill instructor on Parris Island pride is real and good, and it belongs to the Corps, never to the recruit. His craft is to break the boy’s private pride so the unit’s pride can take its place, and he succeeds when the boy stops saying I. To the man at the squat rack on Muscle Beach in Venice pride is the body raised to a monument, and here Becker permits himself a grim smile, because the body is the exact thing that fails, the leaking dying animal whose worship is the most honest and the most doomed immortality project on the boardwalk. To a founder pitching on Sand Hill Road pride is the product, the thing that scales past the maker, the company that runs the world after the funeral. To a Pashtun elder pride is nang, the honor of the name, and a man spends blood to keep the name clean because the name outlives him and the body never will.

Five men, five uses of one word, five different bargains with death. Set Halevy’s pride beside them and the shape stands out. His pride is not the monk’s enemy and not the founder’s engine. He did not build it and he cannot lose it by failing. The pride of Jacob arrives by inheritance. A man receives it the way he receives a language, and his task is to carry it forward and hand it on. This is immortality by transmission down a line, and the line runs through real places. It runs from Hakham Yosef Hayim of Baghdad, the Ben Ish Hai (1835-1909), whose rulings still set the practice at Kahal Joseph, through parents who carried the Baghdad melodies out of Iraq and across two oceans, to a congregation on Santa Monica Boulevard that keeps singing them. The resident alien who belonged to no country turns out to belong to something that predates every country in his passport and will outlast them. That is the answer the ten-year-old reached for and could not yet name. The card said he could vanish without a trace. The chain says he is a link, and a link does not vanish, because the chain remembers its shape.

He builds the symbolic vehicles too, the way Becker says we all do when we want our works to stand in for our flesh. The boy from the dumb class makes things. He produces a film, Stories of the Baal Shem Tov. He writes a book, Spiritual Banter. He paints, he records podcasts, he keeps a channel. He fathers five children and gives each a Hebrew name. Each of these is a hedge against the grave, a piece of him meant to keep working after he stops. None of this is vanity. It is the human labor of a creature trying to leave a mark that the dirt cannot erase, and he does it in the open, with his door, in his words, unlocked.

Becker asks us, in the end, to weigh the cost, and an honest accounting does not stop at praise. Every hero system buys its cosmic significance by drawing a line, and the pride of one people has, in other hands and other generations, hardened into contempt for the people on the far side of the line. This is the standing danger of the vehicle, not a charge against the man. Halevy’s stated version pushes against the hardening. He tells his children to love their fellow Jews and everyone, including non-Jews. His shul turns no one away for lack of money and welcomes Jews of every background. The generous form of the pride of Jacob heals the alien boy without requiring a debased outsider to feel tall. He has chosen the generous form. The work is to keep choosing it, because the armored form is always easier and always near, and the difference between the two is the whole moral content of the thing.

Three coordinates, then, to set him in the order Becker mapped.

He denies, as we all must, that he is the resident alien, the unclaimed boy, the creature who ages and dies and knows it. He took the worst news a child can receive about his own standing on the earth and built a life that answers it.

He affirms a chain older than the nations on his documents, a Jewishness that holds when passports do not, a pride that comes to him from Baghdad and Brooklyn and his father’s voice and that he is bound to pass to five children and a congregation.

And it costs him the permanent labor of keeping that pride open rather than armored, generous rather than walled, a door rather than a fortress. He carries the cost in the open, which is the most a man can do, and more than most men attempt.

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Rabbi Ari Hier and the Refusal of the Pit

Sometime in the middle 1970s a young rabbi takes his two boys to the La Brea Tar Pits on Wilshire Boulevard. They stand at the rail and look at the bronze mammoth in the lake of asphalt. The cow and calf trumpet from the shore while the bull sinks. Under the black surface lie tens of thousands of years of dire wolves and saber cats and ground sloths, each one pulled down, each death drawing the next animal to the same trap. The father, Marvin Hier (b. 1939), watches the tourists file past the casts of the bones. He wonders how many of them know what led to the war that killed a third of his people. Within a year he opens an institution so that one extinction will keep a witness. He names it for Simon Wiesenthal (1908-2005), the man who hunts the murderers so the murdered keep their names.

This is the home Ari Hier grows up in.

Ernest Becker (1924-1974) finishes The Denial of Death in 1973, three years before that afternoon at the pits. His argument runs like this. Man is the animal who knows he will die, and who cannot bear the knowledge. He has the body of a creature that rots and the mind of a god who plans for eternity, and the gap between the two opens a terror he spends his life refusing to look at. Culture answers the terror. A culture hands each man a hero system, a set of standards by which he can earn the feeling that he counts, that his days add up to something the grave cannot cancel. The hero strains against oblivion. He writes the book, raises the sons, builds the monument, dies for the flag, sanctifies the Name. Becker says we do not choose whether to deny death. We choose only the costume we deny it in.

Two terrors sit under the work. The first is the fear of vanishing, of going under the asphalt and leaving no mark. The second is subtler. It is the fear of a life that signifies nothing even while it lasts, a span of years that touches no eternal thing. A hero system that works answers both at once. It promises that the man will be remembered, and it promises that the remembering points at something real.

Marvin Hier builds his answer in brick and film. The Museum of Tolerance. Moriah Films, two of which win the Oscar. The meetings with kings and presidents, the invocation read at a Washington inauguration. He converts the murder of six million into a permanent machine for refusing their erasure. His son Avi plans the Jerusalem building. His son Ari runs the Jewish Studies Institute, teaches Bible and the Prophets to the boys of YULA, and writes for the Jewish Journal on theology and history and the war that never quite ends. Ari does not inherit a synagogue. He inherits a hero system already poured into concrete, and then he chooses it again as a grown man.

You can watch him choose it in the spring of 2001.

That Passover, Rabbi David Wolpe (b. 1958) of Sinai Temple tells two thousand congregants that almost every working archaeologist agrees the Exodus did not happen the way the Bible tells it, if it happened at all. The Los Angeles Times runs it on the front page. A hurricane follows. Six rabbis buy an advertisement accusing Wolpe of severing the roots that bind the people to its faith. Dennis Prager (b. 1948) writes that Judaism stands on two pillars, Creation and Exodus, and survives the denial of the second no better than the denial of God. And Ari Hier answers in print with one line that tells you everything about the world he lives in. Rabbi Wolpe, he writes, has chosen Aristotle (384-322 BCE) over Maimonides (1138-1204), theories and scientific method over facts.

Read that line twice. The secular ear expects the rabbi to say he keeps faith in spite of the evidence. Hier says the reverse. He claims the facts and assigns Wolpe the theory. The transmitted record of the nation, carried mouth to ear for three thousand years, counts to him as the hard datum. The empty stratum in the Negev, the potsherds that fail to turn up, the settlement maps, all of that he files under speculation. Inside his hero system the chain of witnesses is the primary evidence and the trowel is the late guess. He is not waving away facts. He is telling you which facts hold the weight.

Now take the word he reaches for, “facts,” and walk it through other men in other hero systems, and watch it change shape in their mouths.

A field archaeologist crouches in the Negev with a brush and a sieve. For him a fact is what the ground gives up. Carbon dates, ash layers, the order of the strata. Silence in the soil is itself a reading. A people’s memory of its own founding arrives as a literary layer laid down centuries after the events it claims, and he treats it the way he treats any text, as a thing to be dated and doubted. He means no harm to anyone’s God. He has simply trained his hands to trust only what they can lift.

A theoretical physicist at Caltech holds a stricter rule still. A fact, to him, is a claim that survives every attempt to kill it. He holds his own beliefs loosely and counts the looseness as a virtue, because the man who cannot give up a hypothesis has left science for something else. The past, to him, is a reconstruction from present traces, never a deposit handed down intact. He would find Hier’s certainty not wicked but unscientific, and Hier would find the physicist’s lightness a luxury available only to a man whose dead are not at stake.

An investigative reporter downtown means a third thing again. A fact is what two sources confirm against the denial of a powerful man. Truth, for her, is adversarial, wrung from people who would rather it stayed hidden, and the byline that carries it is her own small bid against the pit. She and Hier both say they serve the truth. They have built their lives on different operations and call the results by the same word.

So the man who writes “facts over theories” is not lying and not stupid. He stands inside a hero system where the survival of the people is the load-bearing truth, and where to grant Wolpe’s point is to let the desert swallow the nation a second time. If the deliverance from Egypt drops to metaphor, the anchor of the covenant drags, and the six million in his father’s museum become a horror with no redemption waiting at the end of it. Wolpe thinks he can keep the faith and let the history go. Hier hears that as an offer to keep the roof while removing the foundation. From where he stands the offer is not generous. It is the most dangerous thing a learned man can say from a pulpit.

The same splitting happens with his other sacred word, remembrance.

For Hier, to remember is a commandment, and forgetting is the enemy’s victory completed from inside. The whole apparatus his family built runs on it. Names recovered, faces projected, the murderer denied the last thing he wanted, which was a world that moved on.

A hospice nurse in Pasadena holds the dying every week, and remembrance asks almost nothing so grand of her. It is a first name written on a whiteboard, a hand held at three in the morning, a body washed with care after the breath stops. She does not need the dead to live forever. She needs the next hour to be bearable for the one still in the bed. Her hero system spends itself on presence, and she would find a museum a strange place to put her love.

A griot in Mali carries his people’s dead in his mouth. The genealogy recited at the naming, the praise-song that runs back twenty generations, the meeting house carved so the ancestors look down from the posts. Forgetting a lineage kills a man a second time, and the cure is performance, not an archive. He and Hier both stake their lives against oblivion. One files; one sings.

A founder in Playa Vista uses a gentler word for the same fear and calls it legacy. The company that scales past him, the name on the building, the line in the prospectus about impact. The pit he wakes at night dreading is irrelevance, the product nobody downloads, the cap table that forgets he was ever on it. He would not say he denies death. He has only chosen to outrun it through the thing he ships.

Set these men beside each other and Becker’s point arrives without anyone having to argue it. Every one of them builds a hero system against the same terror, and every one of them mistakes his own costume for the bare truth of things. The physicist does not think his replication is a flight from the grave. The founder does not think the IPO is a tomb with his name on it. The nurse, holding the hand, may be the only one not pretending, and even she leans on a frame, the frame that says comfort given to one dying man redeems the night.

Which returns the question to Hier. Does he see his facts as a hero system’s facts? The 2001 line suggests not. A man who could see his anchor as chosen might not need to call the other man’s archaeology mere theory. But the demand is unfair, and it is unfair to all of us. Almost no one audits his own immortality project while standing inside it. The audit threatens the very thing the project exists to protect. We ask the rabbi to grant that his bedrock is a construction, and we never ask the physicist to grant that his detachment is one too, or the founder that his impact is a paper tomb. Hier carries a heavier load than most, because his hero system holds not only his own death but the murdered millions and the covenant that gives their deaths a meaning. A man guarding that much has earned some tenderness about his certainties.

Three coordinates, thene. He fears the pit that took his father’s people and very nearly took the chain itself, the erasure that the murderer wanted and the assimilationist completes by accident. He builds against it with the oldest tool his tradition owns, the transmitted word held as harder than stone, a record of witnesses he ranks above the empty trench. And the cost he pays is the cost of every load-bearing certainty. He cannot treat his own foundation as one foundation among the possible ones without feeling the floor move, and so the most learned form of humility, the kind that sees its own frame as a frame, stays closed to him, not from any failure of mind but because he stands on the very thing he would have to set down to see it. He keeps the names. He keeps them by refusing to let the desert have the last word. From inside his world that refusal is the work.

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Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn and the Unbroken Chain

A classroom in Los Angeles. A boy in the back row, fifteen, lets his eyes go flat. A page of Talmud sits open in front of him. The page argues about damage and intent, a quarrel older than any court the boy will fear in his life. To him it reads as static. Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn watches the eyes go flat, and what he feels is close to grief.

This is the scene he returns to in his own telling, and it holds the whole man. A teacher does not fear his own death first. He fears the death of the thing in the next mind. The page lives only if the boy carries it. When the eyes go flat the page dies a small death, and the chain that runs back through the boy’s father and his father’s teacher and a thousand years of teachers stops at a bored fifteen-year-old in the back row.

Ernest Becker (1924-1974) built a whole account of human life out of that kind of fear. In The Denial of Death he argues that man is the animal who knows he will die, and that culture is the answer he builds against the knowing. Becker names two terrors. One is the fear of death, the dread of rotting, of going to nothing. The other is the fear of life, the dread of standing out, of carrying the full weight of a separate self. Against both, a culture hands its members a hero system: a set of roles and rules that lets a man feel he counts in a scheme that outlasts him. Becker calls these immortality projects. You beat death by pouring yourself into something that does not die. The nation. The book. The faith. The work.

The rabbi holds an immortality project that asks him to disappear. The chain outlasts the man, and the good rabbi wants it that way. Mesorah, the handing down, runs through him the way water runs through a pipe, and his honor lies in passing it on. Maimonides (1138-1204) did not write to be Maimonides. He wrote so the law would stand after him. A man who gives his life to that does not fear oblivion for himself. He fears it for the thing in his care.

So set the boy’s flat eyes inside that fear and you see why Einhorn fought the way he fought. He built songs for the hard principles. He drew the Talmud’s quarrels next to the plots of Marvel movies. He turned the law into a game where boys argued like medieval rabbis. His colleagues thought he had lost his mind. The boys started to carry the page. That was the win, and it was a win against death.

Then comes the turn that puts his name on a row of web addresses ending in .ai. He sits with a chatbot and asks it to open a hard passage of Maimonides. The answer comes back correct and dead. He reads it the way he once read the boy in the back row. The machine returns the words and carries none of the life. It makes the student’s old mistake. It can say the thing and cannot hold it.

He had standing. Twelve years a dean, twenty-three years at a pulpit. Here a smaller man stops, and a stranger one keeps going. Einhorn does not conclude that the machine has no place near the sacred. He concludes the opposite. In his telling the realization lands all at once. The skills he spent thirty years teaching, the patient questioning, the building of context layer on layer, the hunt for the pattern under the text, these are the skills that open the machine too. The Talmud, he decides, is the training manual for intelligence that the engineers never read. He starts to build. A virtual study hall. A line of ventures with the kind of names a venture man picks. Chavruta, the old paired study where two men sharpen each other over a page, becomes a thing you do with software, and the rabbi becomes a consultant who happens to wear a rabbi’s title.

Watch the words travel as he carries them across that line, because the same word means a different thing in every hero system it lands in, and the whole question lives here.

Take understanding, the word Einhorn leans on hardest. He wants the machine to understand, not regurgitate, and he means something precise by it, though he never says what.

A heart surgeon means one thing. Understanding is the map worn so deep in the hands that they move ahead of thought and find the bleed before it shows. The resident knows the textbook. The surgeon knows the body on the table at two in the morning. His hero system runs on the patients who walk out and the residents who carry his technique after him, and death stands in the room every time he cuts. For him understanding keeps a man alive tonight.

A Carthusian in his cell means the reverse. For him understanding means surrender. He does not master the verse. The verse masters him. He chews one line for an hour and lets it read him. The slowness is the gate. His hero system holds the world up through prayer no one sees, and the self is the thing he gives away to reach the eternal. Tell him you have made the sacred fast and easy and you have told him you have lost it.

A jazz pianist in the bebop line means a third thing. He learns ten thousand tunes so he can forget them. Understanding sits in the fingers as feel, the knowing of the changes so deep he can leave the melody and trust it to be there. His chain is who taught whom, the lick passed hand to hand in back rooms, the record that outlives the room. Memory for him is the runway. He builds it to leave it.

A trial lawyer means a fourth. Understanding is anticipation, the witness read before he speaks, the jury’s faces, the question that lands because the file lives in the lawyer’s bones. His hero system is the verdict and the record, the win that stands after the client is gone. Memory and care serve combat. The text is a weapon.

A founder in the same Los Angeles world Einhorn now courts means a fifth thing, and his meaning sits closest to the surface of the .ai pages. Understanding is edge, the thesis that moves before the market sees it, the insight a man can defend in a room full of money. He hears the rabbi’s pitch and thinks distribution, moat, the size of the market. Same word. Opposite weight.

One more man belongs here, and the rabbi would know him as kin across every wall of language and faith. A griot in West Africa, or a reciter of the old Icelandic sagas, a man who carries the dead in his mouth. For him to forget a name is to kill an ancestor a second time. His understanding is custody. He holds the line of the living who hold the line of the dead, and he fears one death only, the death of the chain. Sit him beside the rabbi and the two need no translator. They fear the same thing. They guard the same fire.

That kinship is the key to reading Einhorn with the care he has earned. When he asks whether a machine can understand Torah he is not making the founder’s claim or the surgeon’s. He is making the griot’s. He is asking whether a machine can join the line of the living who carry the dead. That is not a novelty pitch. That is the oldest fear a rabbi owns, dressed in a consultant’s clothes. He is not selling a gadget. He is trying to keep the page alive in one more vessel before the eyes in the back row go flat for good.

Now the hard part, because truth asks for it. The thing Einhorn wants from the machine is the thing he saw it cannot give. He read its answer about Maimonides and named it dead. Understanding, not regurgitation, was the line he drew, and the machine fell on the wrong side of it by his own account. His hope rests on the vessel becoming what he watched it fail to be. A surgeon does not hand the scalpel to a tool he just called blind. The rabbi hands the chain to a thing he called soulless and trusts that his method will wake the soul in it. Maybe it will carry the words. Whether it can carry the life is the question.

A second cost follows. Becker would name it the fear of life. The rabbi’s old hero system asked him to vanish into the chain. The new one puts his face and his name on the door, RabbiEinhorn.ai, the man as the brand. To step out of the institution and stand alone under your own name takes nerve, and it carries the danger Becker warned of, that the immortality project starts to serve the self it was built to dissolve. The chain runs through the pipe best when no one can see the pipe. A pipe with a logo is a different thing.

Rabbi Einhorn worships the unbroken line, the handing down that outlasts every hand it passes through. He fears the small death in the back row, the page that dies in a bored mind, the chain that stops at his watch. And the rescue now wears his own face in a way some of his peers tell him to avoid.

None of that makes him a fraud. It makes him a teacher who would rather try a strange thing than stand at the front of the room and watch the eyes go flat. A man who loves the fire that much will reach for any lamp. The reaching is the honor. The lamp is the question.

Shlomo Einhorn: A Biography

Shlomo Einhorn (b. January 21, 1979) is an American Modern Orthodox rabbi, educator, author, and, since 2024, an artificial-intelligence entrepreneur. For most of two decades he held pulpit and school positions on both coasts, and he built a public reputation as an innovator who paired classical Torah study with the vocabulary of self-improvement, popular culture, and, in the last stretch of his career, machine learning. The documentary record on his early life and institutional postings is thin and rests in large part on his own promotional materials, a short Wikipedia entry, and a handful of Jewish community profiles, so several of the claims that circulate about him, including some repeated below with attribution, have not been verified by independent sources.

He was born and raised in the Fairfax and Hancock Park neighborhoods of Los Angeles, in a home that joined Modern Orthodox and Hasidic strands. According to a 2023 profile in the Jewish Journal, both of his parents were children of Holocaust survivors, his mother’s family belonged to the Satmar Hasidic community, and his father’s family reached the United States by way of postwar France, settling in St. Louis. He attended YULA, the Modern Orthodox high school in Los Angeles, and in interviews he has said he weighed a legal career before turning toward the rabbinate.

Einhorn pursued his higher education at Yeshiva University in New York, where, by the accounts of his promotional biography and the Grokipedia entry drawn from it, he earned a bachelor’s degree in world history, rabbinic ordination through the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, and a master’s degree in education through the Azrieli Graduate School. Employment-record aggregators place his university years between 1997 and 2001. His Talmudic training followed the analytic Brisker method associated with the Yeshiva University tradition of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik (1903-1993), and he has cited the Hasidic writings of Rabbi Shalom Noach Berezovsky (1911-2000), the Slonimer Rebbe, as a counterweight on questions of feeling and spiritual growth.

Before entering the pulpit, Einhorn worked in Jewish education, serving, by his own account, as director of education for the New Jersey NCSY junior division and teaching Talmud for five years at the Marsha Stern Talmudic Academy, the Yeshiva University high school in Manhattan. He then took an internship at Lincoln Square Synagogue on the Upper West Side.

In 2005 Einhorn became head rabbi of the West Side Institutional Synagogue in Manhattan. The congregation had struggled with an aging membership and weak attendance, and over his seven-year tenure the synagogue’s weekly turnout grew to more than four hundred, a recovery he and others have put at about seventy percent growth. The work drew the notice of the Orthodox Union, which in 2010 established a small think tank under his direction to design engagement programming for synagogues elsewhere in the country.

In 2012 he returned to Los Angeles to become rav and dean of Yavneh Hebrew Academy, the preschool-through-eighth-grade Orthodox day school he had attended as a boy. He was the school’s first dean, a post created after the 2011 departure of Rabbi N. Daniel Korobkin for a Toronto pulpit. A 2015 account in the Jewish Journal reported that enrollment had climbed toward the school’s zoning cap of about 498 students after years of stagnation, with annual tuition near twenty thousand dollars, and credited Einhorn with widening the school’s sense of which students it could serve. He led Yavneh for about twelve years and served at the same time as rabbi of its affiliated congregation. In his own later accounting he has counted his congregational service, across these and earlier roles, at twenty-three years.

Einhorn’s public teaching has drawn on sources outside the rabbinic canon, citing figures such as Kobe Bryant (1978-2020), Bruce Springsteen (b. 1949), and Tony Robbins (b. 1960) as entry points into traditional texts. He set out this approach at length in his 2015 book, Judaism Alive: Using the Torah to Unlock Your Life’s Potential, which frames Jewish teaching less as a system of obligation than as a resource for character and purpose. The book carried endorsements from senior Orthodox figures, among them Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks (1948-2020), who praised it warmly, and Rabbi Steven Weil, who called Einhorn the top young Orthodox rabbi in North America.

Music has run alongside the teaching across his career. He released an album, KLI, in 2000, writing, singing, and playing guitar; a companion album to the book, Judaism Alive: A Musical Odyssey, followed in 2015 and, by his promotional account, reached number three on the iTunes world-music chart; and in 2017 he released Teshuva: The Return, a concept album on repentance and renewal. He has held that music can carry spiritual ideas where lecture cannot.

He became known within Orthodox circles for marathon fundraising lectures billed as the longest continuous Torah classes on record, a claim repeated in community press though not adjudicated by any outside body. The first, an eighteen-hour class delivered on December 24, 2015, raised a reported $250,000 for Jewish education. A nineteen-hour class on Lag B’Omer, May 3, 2018, raised a reported $500,000. The Wikipedia entry dates the longer class to 2017, but his own materials and contemporaneous reports place it in 2018.

Underneath the public reputation as a communicator ran a more traditional credential. In 2021 Einhorn received Yadin Yadin ordination from Yeshiva University, the advanced semicha that qualifies a man to sit as a judge on a Jewish court of law. The year is documented in community listings, though the examiners and particulars are not.

The COVID-19 closures of 2020 pushed his teaching online and, by his telling, opened a longer interest in what digital tools could do for Torah study. In 2024 he stepped away from day-to-day leadership at Yavneh. The circumstances of that departure are not publicly documented, and his own later writing describes the shift in both professional and personal terms. In June 2024 he founded Shpait.AI, a firm that pairs AI consulting with Jewish-education projects, and he has since described a wider Shpait Ecosystem that takes in OfficeBox.AI and LomdAI, the last an AI-driven beit midrash, still in development, meant to guide learners through Talmudic texts. He is founder and chief executive of Mallacore, an AI consulting and deployment firm he describes as serving mid-size businesses with decision-intelligence work. Since 2024 he has written a stream of essays on Medium, posting under the byline Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn and applying Torah categories to artificial intelligence and the reverse.

Einhorn lives in Los Angeles. He is married to Shira Einhorn, and they have raised a large family. Across the pulpit, the school, the recordings, the lectures, and the AI ventures, the through-line he claims for his own career holds steady: that classical Jewish learning can travel into each new cultural and technological setting without surrendering its Orthodox commitments. Whether that amounts to a single coherent project or a sequence of reinventions is a question the record leaves open.

The People He Defends

David Pinsof, David Sears, and Martie Haselton call their account Alliance Theory, and it makes a hard claim. Political belief systems do not grow from abstract values like equality or authority or tradition. They grow from the structure of who stands with whom. A man’s values track his allies and his rivals. When he argues for a principle, he argues for the people the principle protects.

Run Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn through that lens and a generous portrait comes out, not a cynical one, because Alliance Theory describes a function, and a function can be honorable. Einhorn does the work of raising a coalition’s morale and standing. His allies are the observant, the day-school families, the men and women who keep Shabbat and kashrut and sense that the prestige culture around them files those commitments under quaint. His rivals are less other people than a secular elite that codes Orthodox life as backward, narrow, a thing a bright young man grows out of. Einhorn stands between his people and that judgment. A man who does that for his own is doing loving work.

Alliance Theory holds that we support our allies with a set of tilts the authors call propagandistic biases. We magnify our allies’ grievances and shrink their faults. We assign their wins to virtue and their losses to circumstance. We work to make third parties see our side as the moral one. None of this needs a liar. The theory’s sharpest point is that sincerity is the proof of loyalty. A partisan who shaded the truth on purpose would be a mercenary. The true ally believes.

Einhorn’s gift is the raising of commitment. He makes belonging feel like strength. The young Jew who half hides his observance in a secular room, who reads his own tradition as a list of restrictions he carries out of habit, hears Einhorn and reads it instead as a calling. That shift in feeling holds a coalition together. Alliance Theory predicts quiet defection when members feel embarrassed and thinly attached. Einhorn closes that exit by turning attachment into honor rather than burden.

His second move inverts the rival’s frame. The secular world calls the tradition confused. Einhorn turns the charge around. The confusion sits outside. The tradition knows what it does. This is the boundary work Alliance Theory describes, the sharpening of the line between allies and rivals by feeling more than by rule. Each side in a conflict paints its own as reasonable and the other as lost. Einhorn paints with confidence, and his people stand straighter for it.

His third move raises the stakes. He frames the observant life as a high and serious thing, a calling worth a whole life, not a style one picks among others. High stakes bind the committed and push off the lukewarm. That is the trade his manner makes. It deepens the loyal and thins the marginal.

Take a word like pride. Inside the coalition Einhorn serves, pride in the tradition reads as backbone, the refusal to be ashamed of what your grandparents kept under worse pressure than yours. Carry the same word into the rival’s room and it reads as chauvinism, a closed mind, a people who think too well of themselves. The word holds steady on the page and bends in the world. Alliance Theory says this is the rule, not the exception. The people under a value decide what it defends.

What Einhorn does not do tells you as much as what he does. He does not spend his hours translating Orthodoxy into secular moral language for the doubters at the edge. He does not soften the norms to keep a marginal member from walking. He does not build the slow, dull routines that hold an institution steady across decades. He mobilizes. He does not consolidate. The work he does best and the work he leaves to others are two trades, not one.

A coalition under pressure needs more than one kind of man. Rabbi Yitzchok Adlerstein fortifies the same tradition from the intellect, supplying arguments and tending the long quarrel with the rival culture at its border. Rabbi Yosef Kanefsky works the other margin, lowering the cost of staying for those who might otherwise leave, easing edges so the doubtful keep a foot inside. Einhorn raises the stakes where they lower them. He makes the tradition feel like a calling, and a calling inspires some and loses others. Three men, three functions, one alliance. Alliance Theory expects the division of labor.

His recent turn toward artificial intelligence reads through the same lens. Einhorn now calls himself a consultant, registers addresses that end in .ai, and tells a wide audience that the Talmud is the training manual the engineers never read. Strip the novelty and the alliance logic shows. Silicon Valley holds the prestige currency of the moment. To set the sacred text of his people beside that currency, to claim the tradition trained the very thing the rival elite prizes most, raises the coalition’s standing in the eyes of the third parties who decide what counts as serious. The cure for low status is borrowed status. Einhorn borrows it and carries it home.

The manner carries a cost, and Alliance Theory points at it without scorn. A man who runs on intensity raises commitment fast and strains the routines built for the long haul. The same heat that binds the devoted might wear out a system made for predictability and slow formation. Such men often move rather than settle. Einhorn spent twelve years as a dean and twenty-three at a pulpit, and then he moved. The theory does not tell us why any single tenure ends, and I will not guess. It tells us that mobilizers spend down what consolidators build, that a coalition needs both, and that the two rarely live in the same man.

Hold the portrait at arm’s length and three things stand clear. Einhorn serves the observant Jew who feels his life shamed by the room he walks into, and he serves him by turning that life into honor. He serves him through the ordinary tilts of any loyal ally, the magnified grievance, the inverted charge, the borrowed prestige, none of which need a dishonest man and all of which Alliance Theory counts as the marks of belonging. And he pays for the gift with the thing the gift cannot do, the patient keeping of an institution, which falls to quieter men.

Alliance Theory would file his sincerity as a loyalty signal. The label sounds cold until you sit with it. A man who believes every word he says to his people, who lifts their heads in a culture that wants them lowered, is the kind of ally a pressed people would thank God for. The theory names the function. It does not lower the man.

‘The Outrage Machine Built Better Rails Than the Positivity Economy. What If Someone Borrowed Them?’ (Apr. 20, 2026)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

This morning, The Washington Post published an investigation that should unsettle anyone who cares about the architecture of online influence. Over fifteen months, reporters analyzed 1,435 hours of live streams from white nationalist Nick Fuentes, using AI to scan 2.6 million video frames. What they found was not just grotesque. It was highly organized. Roughly 11,000 donors sent Fuentes nearly $900,000 in superchat payments — digital gifts that flash a donor’s name on screen while the streamer reads it aloud during a live broadcast.

Sit with that for a moment.

After the payment processor takes its cut, he still clears a massive sum. The top 500 donors account for nearly half the total. Around the streams sits an entire auxiliary ecosystem: merchandise, paid inner circles, clip-makers, and a network of loyalists slicing long broadcasts into viral fragments for wider distribution. One TikTok account pushed a single clip past four million views.

That is not random virality. That is infrastructure.

And that distinction matters.

Because the lesson here is not that hate is innovative. The lesson is that hate has been willing to operationalize human needs that more decent corners of the internet have treated vaguely: belonging, recognition, ritual, status, mission, shared language, visible participation, repeatable giving.

The ideology is evil.

The machine is effective.

And unless we are willing to separate those two things analytically, we will keep losing valuable ground to people who understand something simple: communities do not scale on content alone. They scale on rails.

Read the details of the story and your first instinct is revulsion. Mine too. But if you stop at revulsion, you miss the deeper point. The internet has already run the experiment. It has already shown that thousands of people will repeatedly fund a worldview when that worldview gives them identity, participation, and liturgy.

The core move is sound, and not new. Separate the ideology from the infrastructure. Grant that belonging, recognition, ritual, and visible giving are human, not the property of cruelty. He states it well, and the line about decent people confusing niceness with structure is true and worth saying. A lot of good work loses because it trusts the message to travel on its own. He also speaks to two rooms at once, the Talmud line and the Yoda line, and that is a real skill, not a trick.
Truth first, though. The essay enacts the thing it studies. It opens on a hate-streamer and a $900,000 figure, rides the moral urgency of a Washington Post exposé, runs eight numbered tools to hold your attention, and lands on a product. Those are his own rails. The shocking enemy pulls you in, and the destination is Mallacore and a paying client, Jerry Joyner. He discloses the client, which is rare and to his credit. The disclosure makes the piece honest. It does not make it analysis. By the third “that matters” and the third round of credit for Jerry, you are reading advertising.
The deeper trouble sits in his own quotations. He cites Yoda. The dark side is quicker, easier, more seductive. That line argues against him. If the rails carry corrosion better than they carry gratitude, the form is not neutral. His first tool makes the point for me. Build identity around refusal, find an enemy, even if the enemy is “a pattern.” He concedes the engine needs an enemy, then tries to launder it. Contempt produces a compulsive return that gratitude does not. He wants the same dopamine with the opposite spiritual effect and assumes the swap comes free. The whole piece rests on that unexamined assumption.
Then the evidence. He builds a scalable playbook out of a single extreme case. We see the Fuentes operation that worked. We do not see the thousands who built the same rails and drew nothing. The concentration he admires, top 500 donors supplying half the money, is a story about a small fanatical core, not a model that ports to earned optimism. One proof of concept is not a blueprint. I take the Post figures as he reports them; my read does not turn on the numbers.
Now the empathy. The man opens with midah tovah merubah and he means it. He believes good has greater overflow, and he is trying to make goodness compete against a machine built for cruelty, which is harder and more honorable than waiting for goodness to win on its own. His charge that the well-meaning have been structurally unserious is humane and right in the main. And he hands you eight usable things. That is a teacher’s generosity, not a guru’s fog.
Last spring he wrote as a rabbi who had expanded his toolkit, Torah at the center, AI as the new vessel for an old love. Now he writes as the founder and CEO of an AI firm, one Talmud line up top and business mechanics filling the rest. The center of gravity moved from the text to the company. Many men make that move. I name it, and attach no verdict.
So: a real idea, half right, delivered in a sermon-shaped sales document that performs its own thesis, weakened most by an author who quotes the case against himself. The kindest true thing I can say is that the impulse is good and the vehicle is compromised, and he was honest enough to tell you so himself.

‘The Updated “Signs AI Wrote This” List’ (Mar. 16, 2026)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

What is damning is the cluster. Over-symmetry combined with over-polish combined with fake insight combined with generic abstraction combined with predictable rhythm. When those five things appear together, readers feel it before they can explain it.

The Tells, In Order of How Much They Hurt You
Writing in threes. “Strong, sound, and scalable.” “Clear, grounded, and practical.” “Simple, powerful, effective.” The triad creates instant rhetorical symmetry, which is exactly why it reads as manufactured. Humans stumble into threes occasionally. AI reaches for them as a default rhythm engine.

Fake profundity transitions. “This is the part I want to tell you.” “Here’s what most people miss.” “Let that sink in.” “The truth is.” These phrases create the sensation of revelation without the substance behind it. The tell is not the phrase itself. The tell is that the sentence following it rarely justifies the buildup.

Over-clean contrast structures. One well-placed contrast is a legitimate rhetorical move. Repeated contrasts feel templated. “Less about X, more about Y.” “From X to Y.” “The goal is not X, it is Y.” When a piece uses this move four or five times, the reader stops feeling persuaded and starts feeling processed.

TED-talk in text form. Short sentence fragments stacked for drama. “The kind that shows up. In hard moments. When no one is watching.” This was a genuinely effective technique when it was rare. Now it is one of the most recognizable AI-coded aesthetics in public writing…

Stake. Say something specific enough to be wrong. Say something that has a cost attached to it. Write as if someone you respect will read it and disagree, and you are saying it anyway.

The underlying shift in 2026 is that audiences are no longer spotting vocabulary. They are spotting template logic. The question is no longer “did a machine write this?” The question is “did a person actually think this through?” Those two questions have started to feel the same.

Most of the list is right. Writing in threes, the fake-profundity transition, the over-clean contrast, the paragraph that always lands on a tidy thesis, low burstiness, no idiolect, the keynote ending that means nothing. He has a good ear. He reads enough to have heard these patterns and named them, and the closing turn is the sharpest thing here: the tell moved from vocabulary to template logic, and the real question is whether a man thought something through.
Now the problem. The piece is a specimen of the thing it hunts. It writes in threes throughout. It runs the contrast structure it warns about in almost every entry. The tell is not the phrase, the tell is the sentence after it. The question is no longer this, the question is that. It stacks fragments for drama. Elegant. Empty. Every item ends on a neat takeaway, which is the relentless closure he flags a few lines later. It mocks “X is not about X, it is about Y,” then leans on that frame to close the whole essay.
And the three fixes he prescribes are the three things the piece lacks most. Specificity: no exact street, no precise number, no detail that could come from one man and no other. Stake: nothing here is costly or embarrassing or his own. Idiolect: no pet phrase, no odd syntax, no person behind the wheel. By his own test the essay fails. It could have been generated. Some of it may have been.
That is the real trouble with the genre, and he steps right up to it and stops. Once “asymmetry reads as human” becomes common knowledge, asymmetry turns into a style to fake, and the overlong sentence and the abandoned thought become a new template. He names the edge of this with “template logic,” then backs away. The honest version of his own essay runs about two hundred words: the detector migrated from words to structure, the structure is now gameable too, and what remains is the old question of whether anyone thought. Everything above that point is the filler the point indicts.
The essay he meant to write lives in his last two paragraphs. The rest is the genre he is describing.
A man who makes his living deploying AI wrote the guide to spotting AI in a voice the guide would flag. He gets close to something real about thinking against generating. He does not turn it on his own prose, which is the one place it would have cost him something, and cost is the thing he says good writing carries.

‘The Talmud as AI Model’ (Mar. 12, 2026)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

For fifteen years I sat in a beit midrash, watching students wrestle with texts that were written to resist easy answers. The Talmudic sugya is a remarkable intellectual machine: it opens with a bold claim, invites a devastating objection, entertains a minority view that reframes the whole question, and only then issues a practical ruling. Nothing is accepted. Everything is pressure-tested.

When I moved into AI deployment, I kept running into the same problem with language models. Ask a question, get a confident answer. Ask for analysis, get a well-organized opinion. The model would rarely challenge its own first move. It would commit to a frame, elaborate on that frame, and dress up the result with appropriate caveats at the end. Sophisticated-looking. Structurally shallow.

I started wondering whether the sugya could fix that.

This one is the best of the four essays I’ve read so far because the rabbi is writing from the thing he knows. Fifteen years in the beit midrash give him the sugya from the inside, and the mapping he draws is clean and not forced. Claim, objection, reframe from a different premise, ruling with conditions. That shape is real, and laying a prompt over it is a fair and useful move. Where the AI-tells piece had no specificity and no stake, this one has both. The drop-in prompt is concrete. A man could paste it tomorrow and get a better answer on a strategy call than a single pass gives him. Credit where due.
Now the trouble. His account of why it works is shakier than the tool itself. He says hallucination is confidence without friction, and that structural resistance cures it. But the objection the model generates comes from the same engine as the claim. The model can invent a self-generated kushya the same way it invents the first answer. His own step two says cite or simulate evidence. Simulate evidence is an instruction to make things up with better posture. You can get the choreography of rigor with none of the grounding, and that reads more trustworthy than a plain answer while being no truer. The form of contradiction is not the substance of it.
The disanalogy he skips is the one that carries the weight. The sugya’s objections were not improvised. They came from a closed canon of recorded positions, argued inside a tradition that transmitted them. The rigor was downstream of the corpus and the community. The model has the moves and none of the substrate. It performs the beit midrash with no books on the shelf and no men across the table. So the structure can sharpen reasoning, and I think it does, while doing nothing to anchor a claim to fact.
One line deserves a flag. He says the rabbis were not chiefly after truth, only after reasoners who could not be fooled. That is a strong claim about a tradition that prizes emet, and he asserts it because his AI point needs it. The sugya bends to fit the tool. A reader who did not know better would take it as settled. It is not.
And a touch of oversell at the close. Two thousand years, the prompt already written, we just had to see it. Structured adversarial prompting is not new. It runs under other names in the prompt literature. His contribution is the framing, the idiom that makes the technique land for a particular reader. That is worth something. It is not a discovery.
The tool is good and the explanation is off. The prompt helps because it forces the model to surface considerations a single pass skips, not because it stops the model from inventing. Keep the prompt. Drop the claim that it reduces hallucination, or keep it tentative. And notice the pattern across his work. When the Torah carries the load instead of seasoning the top, he gets specific, and the writing gets good.

‘How AI can help you with Mesilas Yesharim’ (Dec. 16, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

The pursuit of ethical perfection in Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto’s Mesillas Yesharim presents a unique challenge: the Ramchal explicitly states that his work contains no new information for the scholar. The difficulty is not yediah (knowledge) but hargashah (internalization) and chazarah (constant review).

Large Language Models offer an unprecedented opportunity here. While AI cannot possess a soul or perform commandments, its capacity for infinite patience, rigorous logical structuring, and persona simulation makes it an ideal “external cognitive scaffold” for Cheshbon HaNefesh (accounting of the soul).

The prompts that follow are designed to transform passive reading into active, dialogic character refinement. Each prompt can be copied directly into ChatGPT, Claude, or any capable AI assistant.

How to Use These Prompts
• Copy the entire prompt text (everything in the gray boxes) and paste it into your AI chat.

• Engage authentically — these work best when you answer honestly, not performatively.

• Use consistently — the Ramchal emphasizes daily practice. Consider scheduling specific prompts for specific times.

• Adapt as needed — these are starting points. Modify the language to fit your life circumstances.

This sits with the sugya piece as his strongest work, and for the same reason. He starts from the text and reads it right. The Ramchal (1707-1746) says outright that he teaches the scholar nothing new, that the gap is not yediah but hargashah and chazarah, and Einhorn builds for that gap and not for information. That is the correct read of Mesillas Yesharim, and most people who quote the sefer miss it. The prompts are concrete and a few are good. The Rationalization Adversary, the machine voicing your strongest yetzer-hara arguments and then taking them apart, maps onto nogea b’davar and ahavat atzmo with real care. The Invisible Man and Credit Swap tests turn lishma into something a man can check. He read the book.
Truth first, though, and the trouble runs deeper here than in the other pieces, because the substrate is supposed to be your own soul.
Mussar runs on friction. The hargashah he names comes from the self wrestling itself, from the reckoning done by the one being reckoned with. Hand the cheshbon hanefesh to a machine with infinite patience that does the structuring for you, and you risk stripping out the friction that makes the work work. You get the report without the reckoning. The flashlight he describes is held by someone else. It lights the room. It does not train your eyes. He waves at the line, no soul, no mitzvot, and then the prompts cross it. The Vigilance Audit has the model deliver the Ramchal’s verdict. The Rationalization prompt has it rule clean or tainted and quote the principle at stake. An LLM invents those quotes the way it invents anything, and now it paskens your moral state. The Ramchal worked inside a mesorah and sent real questions to a rav. The prompt seats a confabulator as posek and mashpia.
Then the flattening, which runs through the whole thing. The mussar arrives dressed as behavioral science and consulting. Behavioral Engineer. Habit stacking. Two-Minute version. Heart MRI. Strategic Risk Analyst. The desire-deconstruction prompt tells the model to strip a craving to its chemistry and clock the crash at thirty minutes, which is Marcus Aurelius and dopamine talk, not the Ramchal. This is the move he makes every time. He translates the sacred into the prestige idiom of the moment. Last spring it was Silicon Valley. Here it is the habit-science shelf at the airport bookstore. The translation buys reach and thins the thing.
The impulse is good. He wants people to walk the path, not just read about it, and the sefer begs for exactly that. Mussar has always borrowed the tools of its day. Rabbi Yisrael Salanter would recognize the instinct if not the device. For a man with no mashpia and no chavruta at 2am, an interrogator of infinite patience might be the thing that gets him to start at all.
But the same trait that makes it accessible makes it thin. The patience, the absence of judgment, the always-on. A mashpia helps because he remembers you across years, because the relationship carries stakes, because he can rebuke you and love you in one breath. The machine forgets, risks nothing, and can do neither. It can scaffold the shape of cheshbon hanefesh. It cannot supply the witness.

‘How AI is Revolutionizing Israel Advocacy’ (Jul. 29, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

Imagine knowing exactly when and where negative sentiment about Israel begins to spike online before it becomes a trending topic. Advanced AI sentiment analysis tools like Sprinklr, Brandwatch, or even custom solutions built on platforms like Twitter’s API can continuously monitor millions of social media posts, news articles, and forum discussions.

These tools go beyond simple keyword tracking. They analyze context, tone, and emotional indicators to provide nuanced insights. For instance, they can distinguish between legitimate policy criticism and antisemitic rhetoric, or identify when discussion about Israel shifts from neutral news coverage to emotionally charged debate.

The practical application is powerful: advocacy teams can receive real-time alerts when sentiment shifts, allowing them to deploy resources strategically. Teams can intervene early with factual information and context, rather than discovering a viral misinformation campaign after it has already spread.

This is the weakest of the six, and the cause sits closest to his heart.
The piece is generic in a way the sugya and Mesillas Yesharim pieces never were. Swap “Israel advocacy” for nonprofit fundraising or real estate marketing and almost nothing changes. He is not writing from a place he knows here. He is listing tools. Sprinklr, Brandwatch, Video Authenticator, IBM Watson, Jasper, DeepL, NodeXL. And the list has aged badly. Microsoft’s Video Authenticator was a minor 2020 release, never a frontline detector. Watson was a fading brand by 2025. He name-checks Twitter’s API as if it were open, when access had been priced out for two years. The roster reads like it came from old training data, not from a man who has run these systems.
This is from July 2025, and it is the purest specimen of the voice he would teach people to detect eight months later. Game-changing. Force multiplier. Lightning speed. The most immediately practical application. The frictionless keynote ending about who will be best positioned. By the checklist he published in March, this piece fails on every line.
Now strip the banner and read what he proposes to build. Sentiment surveillance across millions of posts. Chatbots dropped into WhatsApp groups and Twitter threads to inject corrections. Network maps that find the key accounts and the communities where an idea takes root, so teams can hit “strategic intervention points.” Netflix-style targeting that feeds each man the version of the story he is most likely to swallow. That is an influence operation. It is the same apparatus, rail for rail, that he would admire in the Fuentes machine nine months later and try to invert. He recommended building it before he saw what it was. Automated persuasion and bot-seeded argument corrode the information commons no matter whose hand is on the switch. Doing it for a cause you believe in does not change what it does to the room. The same line applies to every side that builds these tools, which is the point.
He hands a classifier the job of telling antisemitism from legitimate policy criticism, at scale, as if that line were settled and machine-readable. It is neither, and false positives there carry real cost. And he sells autonomous fact-correction, a bot that cross-checks an image and posts the correct information, as reliable. The same overconfidence about AI runs through all six pieces. The machine is steadier in his telling than in life.
He keeps the human-element caveat, frames AI as helper and not replacement, warns against one-size messaging. People who care about a cause often move slower than the people working against them, and that gap stings. He wants to close it.
But this is the piece where sincerity and craft sit furthest apart. He cares most about this subject and brought the least thinking to it. He reached for the tool list and the marketing voice, and he never stopped to ask whether the machine he was urging people to build is the machine he distrusts everywhere else.

‘Truth, Justice, and the Torah Way: Exploring the Jewish Conception of Justice’ (July 10, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

The libertarian vision of justice resonates deeply with Torah values emphasizing personal freedom and individual responsibility. The Torah repeatedly underscores the dignity of the individual, exemplified vividly in the divine creation narrative: “So God created mankind in His own image” (Bereishit 1:27). The Mishnah (Sanhedrin 4:5) elaborates powerfully, stating that the creation of a single person teaches that each individual holds infinite value, and “one who saves a life, saves an entire world.”

The Rambam (Maimonides), in his Mishneh Torah, champions a system designed to protect individuals from violence and coercion, aligning closely with Nozick’s minimal-state concept. Halachah, Jewish law, notably in tractates such as Baba Kamma and Sanhedrin, meticulously outlines prohibitions against theft, violence, fraud, and invasion of personal property, underscoring a robust protection of individual liberties.

Yet, Torah’s understanding of justice extends beyond mere non-interference. The Jewish tradition continually insists upon an active moral duty towards communal welfare, fundamentally diverging from pure libertarian minimalism.

The move at the center of his essay is the safest one in comparative thought. Set up two poles, libertarian and egalitarian, then land in the wise middle that holds both. Almost any tradition read with sympathy can be made to do this. Swap in Catholic social teaching or Confucianism and the essay changes almost nothing. The synthesis is so wide it cannot be wrong, and a claim that cannot be wrong does not tell you much. He reaches balanced wisdom too fast, which is the moral-neatness tell he would publish a warning about eight months later.
The good parts are real. Tzedakah from tzedek, obligation and not charity, is a true and clarifying point for a lay reader, and the West-versus-Torah contrast lands. The built-in redistribution, Shmita, Yovel, Peah, Leket, is apt. The Rambam’s eight levels with self-sufficiency at the top, correct. When he stays on Jewish ground he is fine.
The trouble starts when he imports the axis. Nozick (1938-2002) and his Anarchy, State, and Utopia name the libertarian pole, but the egalitarian pole stays anonymous. The man he wants is John Rawls (1921-2002), and A Theory of Justice goes unnamed in a piece pitched on a philosophy hook. That is a hole. The deeper problem is that the Torah does not run on the liberty-versus-distribution axis at all. Its categories are covenant, mitzvah, the ownership of all wealth by God. Tzedakah is not liberal egalitarianism with Hebrew roots. It is a commanded obligation that flows from God’s claim on what you hold, a different thing wearing the same coat. He dresses the Torah in Nozick and Rawls so it reads in the seminar room. That is the move he makes in every piece, the sacred translated into the prestige idiom of the hour. Last year Silicon Valley. Here the political-philosophy syllabus.
One citation needs a flag, and I checked it. He credits the Maharal (c. 1512-1609) with Netiv HaTzedek. The Maharal’s ethical work is Netivot Olam, and its charity path is Netiv HaTzedakah. A path of justice sits beside it, the path of din. Netiv HaTzedek is not among them. Worse for his case, the Maharal there does something more pointed than the balance of freedom and solidarity Einhorn assigns him: he ties charity to justice, to din, and sets it apart from chesed. Einhorn flattens that into a warm equilibrium. The citation is plausible and a little off, which is the hazard that runs through all his work.
Here are the sources behind that passage.
For the work Netivot Olam, and the Maharal’s dates, see the Sefaria text page, https://www.sefaria.org/Netivot_Olam (it gives him as c. 1512-1609 and lists the 33 netivot).
For the charity path, Netiv HaTzedakah, the text on Sefaria: https://www.sefaria.org/Netivot_Olam,_Netiv_Hatzdaka
For the structure of the paths and the point that the Maharal places charity closer to justice (din) than to kindness, the Yeshivat Har Etzion study: https://www.etzion.org.il/en/philosophy/great-thinkers/maharal/torat-hamussar-3 (it walks through the order Torah, avoda, gemilut chasadim, then tzedakah, din, peace, truth, and notes that the Maharal sets charity against chesed and nearer to justice).
For the charity-versus-chesed distinction stated plainly, Rav Zechariah Tubi at Kerem B’Yavneh: https://www.kby.org/english/torat-yavneh/view.asp?id=3589
For background on Netivot Olam as the Maharal’s late ethical work and its place among his books, the Har Etzion overview: https://etzion.org.il/en/philosophy/issues-jewish-thought/issues-mussar-and-faith/maharal-1
Here is the through-line that struck me. This July 2025 essay is a field guide to the AI tells he would publish in March 2026. He delves in the second paragraph, the first meme-word on his own later list. Nuanced appears three times. Dynamic equilibrium sits in the middle. The prose stacks adverbs, vividly, powerfully, meticulously, passionately, profoundly. It closes on a benediction about societies worthy of divine blessing, the frictionless ending he would name. He wrote the specimen, then wrote the diagnosis.
And the bow pulls against the essay. He spends the piece arguing that Torah transcends the libertarian and egalitarian split, then turns and says the American way might reflect that Torah wisdom after all, which folds the distinction he just built.
As a four-minute devar Torah for a lay audience, it’s fine. Judaism does not slot into the American binary, and tzedakah-as-duty is a correction. He does not bend Torah to a program. He lands on both-and, where the tradition sits. But the essay is safe, the frame is borrowed, and it carries the voice he would later teach his readers to distrust.

https://medium.com/@rabbieinhorn

I just read the main page of https://medium.com/@rabbieinhorn.
Seen whole, the feed tells a story no single piece does. Read top to bottom, it runs backward through a conversion.
The early months, winter and spring of 2025, are a rabbi’s notebook. Korban Pesach. Teishvu versus Taduru. The Tanya, twice. The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch. Tzniut. The Golden Rule against Mengzi. These are source pieces, a man working inside the texts he knows. Then a turn. By late 2025 and into 2026 the titles are data scraping, Alexa, an ABA startup’s SEO, Veo cartoons, the outrage rails, Mallacore. The Torah thins to a garnish or drops out. The byline never changes. Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn carries every piece, and that is the point. The title is the asset. It is what lets a business AI consultant speak with borrowed authority about web scraping. He did not leave the pulpit so much as repurpose it.
His own readers tell him this is a mistake, and he does not seem to be listening. Look at the claps. Teishvu, twenty-one. Tzniut, twenty. The Mengzi piece, seventeen. The Jungian Tanya piece, ten. Now look at the consulting pieces. Zero to five. The crowd that follows a rabbi rewards the learning and ignores the funnel. The signal could not be cleaner, and the trajectory runs against it. He writes less of what his audience values and more of what pays. Rational for the wallet. A quiet loss on the page.
The Superman cluster shows the other half of the shift. Seven Superman pieces land between July 2 and July 24, 2025, around the release of James Gunn’s film. The movie opened in the United States on July 11, 2025, and its own logline is a Superman whose truth, justice, and the American way now read as old-fashioned, the exact hook he reaches for. That is a man riding a wave for discovery. Nothing wrong with it. But it marks the move from writing what he is learning to writing what will be found. SEO logic enters the work, and the earlier chiddushim give way to topical hooks.
One habit holds across the whole run and explains both his best and his worst. He is a pairer. Freud meets Moses. The Golden Rule against Mengzi. The animal soul and Jung. Superman and the Übermensch. Superman against Moshiach. The Tanya’s two loves. Truth and justice between Nozick and Rawls. Almost every essay maps one thing onto another. When both sides are things he knows cold, two Torah ideas or a sefer beside a thinker he has read, the mapping lights something up. When one side is a thing he half-knows, the AI tooling, the unnamed Rawls, the map goes thin and reads like the template he would later mock. The format is his gift and his crutch at once.
A couple of ironies the feed makes visible. In July he argues that positive psychology turned virtue into snake oil. Nine months later he is building rails for a Find Your Bright Side positivity brand. In March he publishes the guide to spotting AI prose, dropped into a feed that often trips its own alarms. He can see the patterns. He keeps walking into them.
The learning underneath is deep. The Teishvu piece, the Tanya pieces, the Mengzi piece, these are not the work of a dabbler. He is wide awake, curious across Freud and Jung and Mengzi and Nietzsche, and industrious. Remaking yourself in midlife to earn a living is honorable, not cheap. But the feed reads as a man monetizing the part of himself that sells while writing less of the part that is good, and keeping the title that makes the first part work. The best of him is the part he is leaving behind.

‘Why Positive Psychology Turned Virtue Into Self-Help Snake Oil’ (July 3, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

Positive psychology didn’t discover virtue, it strip-mined it. When Christopher Peterson and Martin Seligman published their handbook of character strengths, they performed an impressive feat of cultural archaeology. They dug up wisdom from Aristotle to Confucius, catalogued 24 character strengths under six virtues, and handed us a neat little assessment tool.

But something died in translation.

Aristotle spoke of eudaimonia, literally “good spirit,” a flourishing that came from aligning your soul with cosmic truth. The Stoics saw virtue as living in harmony with the rational order of the universe. Eastern traditions connected character development to transcendence of the ego and unity with ultimate reality.

Peterson and Seligman kept the vocabulary but gutted the vision. They gave us Wisdom and Knowledge, Courage, Humanity, Justice, Temperance, and Transcendence, but these became personality traits to optimize, not pathways to truth.

This is virtue after the lobotomy.

The Zombie Shuffle

Walk into any corporate wellness program and you’ll see them: zombie virtues shuffling through PowerPoint presentations. “If your top strength is Kindness, try three random acts of compassion this week!” “Got Curiosity? Take an online course!” “Scored high on Gratitude? Start a journal!”

These aren’t virtues anymore, they’re life hacks with ancient names.

Real virtue was never about self-improvement. It was about self-transcendence. The ancients understood something we’ve forgotten: you can’t cultivate authentic character by focusing on yourself. Virtue only makes sense when it points beyond the self to something larger, truer, more enduring.

The fact/value split killed that understanding.

This one has a pulse. After a run of consulting pieces, here is a man writing with conviction about something he has read and felt. The voice shows up. Virtue after the lobotomy. Zombie virtues shuffling through PowerPoint. The Great Virtue Heist. That is idiolect, the thing his own AI-tells piece says good writing needs, and the target is real. Corporate positive psychology did keep the vocabulary of the virtue traditions and drop the metaphysics that gave the words their weight.
But the argument already has a name on it, and he leaves it off. Alasdair MacIntyre (1929-2025) wrote this exact thesis in After Virtue in 1981: that modern moral talk is the surviving fragments of older schemes, used by people who no longer hold the framework that made the fragments make sense. Einhorn reinvents the wheel and never credits the man who built it. The omission stings more because of the timing. MacIntyre died on May 21, 2025, at ninety-six, six weeks before this piece ran. The popularizer of the idea did not say the name.
The polemic also runs hot and flattens what it touches. He folds Aristotle, the Stoics, Confucius, and the East into one package that all says virtue needs a transcendent cosmos. None of them says quite that. Aristotle’s eudaimonia is the characteristic activity of a human functioning well, more biology than union with the stars. The Stoic logos is reason inside the world, not above it. Confucian virtue is relational and ritual and of this world. He homogenizes four traditions to make them sing one chorus, the synthesizer’s habit, the differences sanded off so the mapping holds.
And the clean wall he builds between ancient self-transcendence and modern self-help does not stand. The ancients ran practices. Pierre Hadot (1922-2010) showed that ancient philosophy was a set of spiritual exercises, daily drills for the self. Marcus Aurelius (121-180) kept a journal of self-correction. That is the Meditations. The Stoic examined his conduct at day’s end, a cousin of the cheshbon hanefesh. Virtue-as-practice is not the modern crime he says it is. The ancients hacked too. The real question is what makes a drill formative rather than hollow, and he never asks it.
He never asks it because the constructive half is a wave of the hand. We need a new synthesis. We need approaches that honor rigor while admitting reality exceeds the lab. Which approaches. Name one. He spends four-fifths on the autopsy and closes on a benediction about the cosmic conversation, the frictionless ending he would later flag.
He mocks the test, the gratitude journal, the three acts of kindness this week, the strength you optimize. Five months later he publishes nine numbered prompts for working Mesillas Yesharim: a daily audit, habit-stacking, a two-minute version, a trigger mantra, a Heart MRI for your motives. He rebuilds the life-hack architecture he calls a lobotomy here, with Hebrew names and an LLM. He might say the metaphysics survives because it is Torah. Seligman could say the same, that the strengths point at flourishing. The structural charge he levels lands on his own later work. He commits in Hebrew the sin he names in Greek.
He writes this one from the gut, not the template, and it shows. But the piece borrows its thesis without paying the source, flattens the traditions to fit it, dodges the cure, and indicts a way of doing virtue he would take up himself before the year was out.

‘The Tanya’s Two Loves’ (June 1, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

I need to tell you something. For years, I approached these teachings as an academic exercise. I parsed the Hebrew, traced the philosophical lineages, mapped the psychological parallels. I understood the Tanya perfectly.

I just didn’t live it.

The transformation came during a period when everything fell apart. Professional failure. Personal loss. The kind of crisis that strips away everything nonessential.

In that emptiness, I found myself returning to the simplest meditation the Tanya offers: “He is our life.” Not a philosophical proposition. A felt reality. The recognition that whatever was sustaining me through the darkness wasn’t coming from my own strength.

That’s when contemplative love stopped being a concept and became an experience. When I realized that the Tanya isn’t describing exotic spiritual states, it’s mapping the territory of the human heart.

This is the most exposed of his pieces. The personal confession, the crisis, the return to a single line of contemplation, that is real stake on the page, the thing his AI-tells piece prizes and the consulting pieces never risk. And the textual frame is sound. The Chinuch Katan is the Alter Rebbe’s introduction to Shaar HaYichud VehaEmunah, the second part of the Tanya, and it turns on love and fear of God and their root in faith in His unity. He has the structure right. The Alter Rebbe (1745-1812) does teach that love and awe give the commandments their wings, and that without them observance is a body without a soul. The childhood-foundations reading, chanoch lana’ar carving channels in the soul, is a faithful and lovely application.
But he overshoots the teaching and flips its order. He writes that feelings, not behaviors, are the foundation of spiritual life. The Tanya says close to the opposite. Love and awe are the wings. The deed is the floor. The hero of the book is the beinoni, the in-between man, and the whole architecture exists for him: the one who does not feel the tzaddik’s fire, whose heart may be cold, who serves through action anyway, ruling his hands and mouth and mind when the feeling will not come. That is the Alter Rebbe’s hard innovation. Service does not wait on emotion. Einhorn turns the sefer into an emotion-first spirituality, the warm modern reading and the one the beinoni was written to correct.
The subtitle is Ancient Wisdom Meets the Human Heart, and the body of the essay props the Tanya on Dacher Keltner’s awe research, on loving-kindness meditation, on Peck and Fromm, on the claim that psychology is at last catching up to the mystics. One month later he publishes the essay arguing that dragging ancient wisdom into modern science is what lobotomized virtue, that the lab kept the words and gutted the vision. Here he does the thing he condemns there. He validates the Tanya by the science, props the sacred on the study he would soon call snake oil. The two pieces sit four weeks apart and cancel.
The natural love he describes, the hidden spring, the Alter Rebbe ties to the divine soul, and in the Tanya that soul is the particular inheritance of the Jew, half of a two-soul doctrine. Einhorn dissolves it into human nature, wired for devotion, designed for love, one path that works for everyone and reaches a single water table. Warm, and wider than the text. The Alter Rebbe is more particular than the universal reading allows.
And the seminar set-piece runs cheap. The professor who says you cannot command a feeling holds a serious position, Hume and Kant behind her. She was spectacularly wrong, he writes, then reaches the real answer without crediting it: you cannot command the feeling, you can command the attention and the deed that train it. The Rambam said as much about loving God through contemplation. The difficulty deserved engagement.
He writes this one from inside the life, not the template, and the counsel is sound. Start where you are. Love is a practice. Do not throw away the simple faith you outgrew. When he stays with the Alter Rebbe’s own moves, contemplation kindling love, the child’s apple and the father’s tallis as foundation, he is good. The trouble is the reach past the text, the borrowed science, and the order reversed. The deed holds up the love. He has it the other way round.
Something is going on with the rabbi and I can ground it in his own words.
Look at the line from the AI-explorer piece. I didn’t change careers, I expanded my toolkit. A man at peace with a clean, chosen move does not need to insist he didn’t change careers. The denial of the break is the tell. You protest the rupture you feel.
Then set that beside the Tanya confession, written weeks later in the same season. He names it himself. Professional failure. Personal loss. The kind of crisis that strips away everything nonessential. He does not say Yavneh, and I will not weld it there for him. But the two voices land within the same few weeks. In May the toolkit expands and all is forward motion. In June everything fell apart. That gap, between the triumphant public account and the confessional private one, is the thing I am sensing. It is his testimony against his own marketing.
The scatter supports it too. Mallacore, an ABA startup’s SEO, Veo cartoons, data scraping, Alexa, the rails piece. A man trying many doors in a year reads more like making the best of things than like a chosen passion. A settled reinvention tends to head one way. His headed several at once.
What I cannot tell you is why. I have no fact about the departure, and I am not going to build one out of vibes. It could be money, fit, health, a board, a high-intensity man wearing out a routine institution. Any of those, none of those. The texts show the shape of a hard landing. They do not show the cause, and inventing one would be the move I keep faulting him for, the plausible story that fills a gap it has not earned.
Reframing a hard exit as an adventure is not a lie. It is how a man keeps his dignity and his income while the ground shifts under him. Expanded my toolkit is what you tell the market, and what you tell yourself at 6am so you can make the calls. Most of what anyone does is make the best of things. There is something honorable in his refusal to narrate himself as a casualty, and something sad in how hard the public voice works to stay bright while the private one, once, told the truth.

‘Why Teishvu isnt Taduru’ (May 25, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

Torah isn’t about erasing yourself. It’s about right-sizing yourself. A valley represents the kind of humility that paralyzes — so low you can’t see anything, so diminished you can’t act. A towering peak represents the arrogance that blinds — so high you think you’re above everyone else…

We live in an age that’s forgotten how to balance engagement with detachment. We’re either completely committed to things that don’t deserve it, or completely detached from things that do.

We treat our Twitter feeds like sacred texts and our sacred texts like Twitter feeds. We invest emotionally in political outcomes we can’t control while neglecting relationships we can nurture. We build identities around careers that could disappear overnight while ignoring souls that will outlast our résumés.

This is the piece you write after a painful career change. I feel like he’s telling himself everything is going to be OK.
This is his best register, and the claps are earned. The voice is here. The laptop on the wobbly table, fronds in the coffee, twenty years of building and packing away. That lived detail is the thing his AI-tells piece prizes and the consulting work never carries. And the life-lesson lands: engaged but not attached, appropriate attachment, all dwelling temporary once you zoom out far enough. As a derush for a wide audience it is warm and useful, and people felt it.
But the engine he builds it on runs backward, and the gemara he is glossing says close to the reverse of his claim.
His thesis: teshvu carries temporariness, taduru carries permanence, so the rabbis kept teshvu to hold the sukkah impermanent, dwell-but-don’t-settle. Open the sugya. On teshvu k’ein taduru the Sages derive that all seven days a man makes his sukkah keva, permanent, and his house arai, temporary. From the phrase comes the rule to carry your fine vessels and good bedding into the sukkah, to eat and sleep and relax and learn there as you would at home. The taduru standard does not preserve temporariness. It imports permanence into the hut. The rabbis did not avoid taduru. They invoked it, and the upshot is that the flimsy booth becomes your fixed home for a week while the solid house turns provisional.
That is the real paradox, and it beats his. The structure stays arai, temporary, by law it cannot even rise past twenty cubits. Your dwelling inside it must be keva, permanent. The tension does not sit between two verbs. It sits between the booth and the conduct: a temporary shell you live in as if it were the most settled place you have. He felt the paradox, which is why the piece moves, then assigned the words the wrong way round. And the etymology will not carry his weight. Yashav is not the temporary root. Yishuv, moshav, toshav, settlement and settler, all grow from it. If a verb in that phrase leans permanent, it is teshvu as much as taduru.
The Sinai stretch is a second essay stitched to the first. The Goldilocks mountain, the right-sizing, Rebbe Nachman (1772-1810) on holy chutzpah, the Shelah on the Maggid telling the Beis Yosef’s circle to think of themselves as giants. Lovely material, and a different derush. The seam between sukkah-as-balance and Sinai-as-right-sizing is thin, joined by the word right-sized more than by an argument. Two good talks under one heading.
And the usual inflation rides along. You’ll never read Torah the same way again. This changes everything. The Netflix and YouTube jokes. The register is pitched to wonder, which his readers like, and which costs the piece precision.
When he sits in his own sukkah and tells you what it taught him, he is good, and the core insight, hold engagement and transience together, is true. The trouble is small. He had the better paradox in his hands, the booth made permanent and the house made temporary, and reached past it for a looser one about two verbs. The sugya he quotes would have served him better than the etymology he supplied.
Sukkot falls in the autumn. He wrote this in May, months from the chag, no holiday pulling the theme toward him. A man does not reach for the sukkah in late spring unless the sukkah is speaking to something he is living right then.
Read the essay with that in view. The structure that briefly held my life dissolves back into storage bins. Careers that could disappear overnight. This teaches us more about security than any insurance policy. A darshan does not pick those examples at random. That is a man who just watched his structure come down, telling himself the structure was always temporary, so the loss is survivable. The sukkah is the perfect text for it. A dwelling that looks like a home and was never built to last, and you are told to find your security inside the flimsiness.
Set the dates together. The sukkah piece, May 25. The toolkit-expanded piece, May 28. The Tanya confession with professional failure in it, June 1. Three essays in eight days, one season, three angles on the same event. The public voice says I chose this. The Tanya voice says everything fell apart. The sukkah voice does the work in between, turning the fall into a teaching.
It also rereads the seam I called thin. The Sinai stretch, the right-sizing, the holy chutzpah, consider yourself a giant. I said it was a second essay bolted on. The two halves are not joined by argument. They are joined by need. One half says the home you lost was always a booth, so you can bear the loss. The other says you are still big enough to build again, so get up and make the calls. A man steadying himself needs both at once.
And it may explain the slip. I said he got the gemara backward, that the sugya makes the sukkah keva, permanent, and the house arai, while he read teshvu as holding the place temporary. A man whose keva had just turned to rubble might feel impermanence in the phrase, because impermanence is what he was standing in. He might not have seen the booth become a fixed home because his own had just stopped being one. The error reads like the autobiography leaking through the lamdus.
This is a reading of the words and the season, not a fact about his life. Writing your dislocation into the parsha is the oldest use the text has. The tradition is built on men turning the wound into Torah, and doing it in the off-season, when no one asked, is Torah.

‘The Sacred Dimension of Self-Respect: A Torah Perspective’ (May 6, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

I still remember my shock as a fifteen-year-old yeshiva student when my rebbe slammed his hand on the table and declared, “Tzniut has nothing to do with shame!” The classroom fell silent. Here we were, teenage boys awkwardly navigating puberty, assuming modesty meant hiding our embarrassing bodies from God’s disapproving gaze. He had shattered our misconception in eight words…
My grandmother survived Auschwitz with this verse branded on her soul. “They took everything,” he once told me while rolling up his sleeve to reveal his number, “but not this.” He tapped his chest. “Never this.” He understood what the Nazis couldn’t: human dignity isn’t granted by governments or earned through achievement. It’s built into our DNA…
I once witnessed a venerated rabbi deliberately violate Shabbat law restrictions to preserve the dignity of a mentally ill man who had soiled himself in shul. Without hesitation or sanctimony, he simply took care of what needed doing. No sermons, no self-congratulation — just quiet recognition that kavod habriyot demanded immediate action. That moment taught me more than a thousand shiurim…
I’ve spent too many hours speaking brilliant, observant Jews who meticulously fulfill every detail of the law while treating themselves with shocking cruelty. A young woman once told me she couldn’t imagine God loving her — despite volunteering at a chesed (kindness) organization every week. “But you believe God loves those you help?” I asked. “Of course,” she replied immediately. “Then why are you the exception?” Her tears answered before her words could…
My own relationship with this teaching crystallized during a health crisis of a friend several years ago. Bedridden for weeks, I initially viewed my friends situation as merely inconvenient — until my rav visited and gently suggested I was neglecting a mitzvah. “Your body isn’t a rental car,” he said. “It’s the only vehicle you’ll ever have for serving Hashem in this world.” His words stung because they were true. I’d treated my health as spiritually irrelevant…
At sixteen, my friend broke Shabbat deliberately for the first time. Rebellion, peer pressure, curiosity — take your pick of motivations. What followed haunts him still: not guilt but a terrifying emptiness. If he could so easily discard what he claimed to value, who was he? His identity collapsed under the weight of his actions….
Last Shabbat, my colleague asked why I cover my head with a kippah even when alone in my backyard. “Is it because Hashem will be mad if you don’t?” he asked with childish directness. I paused before answering, suddenly aware how my response might shape his understanding of Judaism.
“No,” I finally said. “It’s because wearing it reminds me who I am.”
His face scrunched in confusion. “But you already know who you are?”
“Sometimes we forget,” I told him. “Sometimes I forget.”

This is the warm register again, and the reframe is true and worth making. Tzniut as dignity, not shame. Omnipresence as accompaniment, not surveillance. Darkness is like light read as you are never lost rather than you can never hide. The young woman who runs every chesed and cannot picture God loving her, and the question that breaks it open, why are you the exception. That is real pastoral work, and the people who clapped felt it. When he preaches that a man’s worth does not rest on his achievements or anyone’s approval, he is good.
But two of the sources do not hold the weight he puts on them.
Kavod habriyot first. He quotes Berachot 19b, human dignity is so great it overrides a negative commandment, and reads it as dignity trumping explicit Torah prohibitions. The gemara says less than the headline. A few lines on, the Talmud narrows the override to lo tasur, the command to heed the Sages, so the principle suspends rabbinic prohibitions, with biblical ones set aside only in passive cases or monetary matters. The Rabbis held they had no power to set aside Divine law by an act of their own. His own example fits the narrow reading, not the broad one. The rabbi who cleaned up the soiled man on Shabbos was setting aside rabbinic carrying and handling rules, the category the sugya allows. The drama he wants, dignity overriding the Torah itself, is the line the gemara walks back.
The self-love claim is worse, because he hangs a modern idea on two rishonim who say close to the opposite. He writes that self-love is mandatory, that v’ahavta l’reiacha collapses without it, and credits Ramban (1194-1270) and Ibn Ezra (1089-1164) with you can’t give what you don’t have. Open them. Ramban calls the verse an overstatement, since the human heart cannot love another exactly as itself, and reads it as wanting good for your neighbor and shedding envy. Ibn Ezra reads kamocha adverbially, that you should wish good to befall your fellow the way you wish it for yourself. Neither makes self-love the prerequisite. Ramban leans the other way, toward chayecha kodmin, your own life first. The empty-cup reading is self-help theology, and putting it in the mouths of these two is the same plausible-but-wrong citation I keep finding.
Then a tell. The piece runs on first-person testimony. Read two of the anecdotes with care. My grandmother survived Auschwitz, he writes, then four times: he told me, his sleeve, his number, he tapped his chest. Grandmother, then he. And the health story opens on a health crisis of a friend, then turns to bedridden for weeks, I, then my friends situation, then a rav telling him he is neglecting the mitzvah of his own body. Who was bedridden, the friend or the writer. The story cannot decide. A man recounting his own grandfather’s tattoo or his own illness does not lose the thread like that. These are the seams of text assembled rather than lived, and they sit in the one essay whose power depends on the memories being real. The author of the guide to spotting AI prose left two of his own alarms ringing in his most personal piece.
The season is here too, May 6, three weeks before the sukkah essay. Worth not resting on achievement. Teshuvah as return to the self when identity collapses. We can return because we have somewhere to return to. The same man steadying himself, preaching the dignity that outlasts the loss of a position.
The heart of this is right and kind, and the close, the kippah in the backyard because sometimes I forget who I am, is good. He did not get tzniut wrong. He reached for sources that say less than he needs and let the testimony blur.

‘Freud Meets Moses: Where Psyche Meets Soul’ (May 6, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

Growing up in an observant home while studying psychology, I felt pulled between two worlds — secular theories that dissected the human mind versus ancient wisdom that nourished the soul. The conflict played out in my own community: an elderly gentlemen, a deeply religious man, once dismissed my college psychology textbook with a wave of his hand. “This Freud,” he muttered, “knows nothing of the real human struggle.”

Yet I couldn’t shake the feeling that these traditions weren’t as contradictory as they seemed. After years grappling with both, I’ve come to see these frameworks as unexpected dance partners — sometimes in perfect harmony, other times stepping on each other’s toes…

Freud didn’t discover the unconscious — he just gave it a clinical name and framework. The notion that we harbor hidden thoughts was old news to Jewish sages. Rabbi Yisrael Salanter beat Freud to the punch by decades when he wrote about our “inner forces” in 1880. While counseling a troubled student, he’d often say, “The problem isn’t what you know about yourself — it’s what you don’t know.”

…I remember the awkward silence when, during a Shabbos dinner, a psychology-major guest mentioned Freud’s belief that toddlers experience erotic pleasure during toilet training. My Orthodox brother-in-law nearly choked on his challah…

One synagogue member resolved her anxiety not just by understanding its psychological roots but by reconnecting to God’s compassion. A more secular member found healing through Freudian insight complemented by wisdom from Jewish ethical teachings, though he would never have sought “religious” counsel.

We don’t need to choose between these frameworks. We need both maps to navigate the magnificent complexity of being human. Freud named the battles within; Torah teaches us how to win them and transform them into something sacred.

Some of the pairings here are apt. Hitbodedut beside free association, Rebbe Nachman’s unstructured outpouring as the older talking cure. Cheshbon hanefesh beside the work of catching your own defenses. The yetzer hara as raw energy to be channeled rather than crushed, a good Jewish idea, the house that never gets built without it. And the frame is sympathetic, a man pulled between the observant home and the psychology department, trying to make peace between them.
But the method stacks the deck. He posts this on Freud’s own birthday, May 6, a nice touch, then fights the intro-textbook Freud (1856-1939), the most literal and most discredited version, against Torah’s best. Infants with erotic drives, toddlers and toilet training, a child lusting for one parent and plotting the other’s death, religion as patricidal guilt. He picks the lurid, century-old Freud that analysis itself left behind, object relations, attachment, ego psychology, and sets it against the highest reaches of the tradition. A fair fight pairs mature with mature. This one pairs Freud’s worst with Moses’ best and calls Moses the winner.
The landing calls itself integration and runs closer to annexation. Freud gets the basement, the id, the dark. Torah gets the foundation and the upper stories. Freud named the battles, Torah teaches us to win them. That is not two maps. It is one map with the other demoted to a tool, psychology the junior partner that diagnoses while Torah heals. A fine thing to believe, and apologetics wearing the costume of dialogue. The pairing format, his favorite, here elevates the home team.
The title oversells, too. Freud Meets Moses, and Moses shows up for a single line, would have seen through it just as clearly as Freud. The Jewish side is Salanter (1809-1883), Rav Kook, Soloveitchik, Rebbe Nachman, the gemara, not Moshe. The headline promises a confrontation the essay never stages.
A couple of the quotes I cannot place. That the mussar masters wrote about hidden forces before Freud is defensible. But the bedside line, the problem is what you don’t know about yourself, and Soloveitchik’s (1903-1993) every human being is a genius at self-justification, read like quotes furnished to fit. Some of his sourcing lands, the gemara on the uninterpreted dream, the Mishnah’s five-thirteen-eighteen, the worry spoken aloud from Yoma. Others have the ring of a paraphrase promoted to a quotation.
This essay and the tzniut piece carry the same date, May 6, and the same flaw. The connective tissue is garbled. An elderly gentlemen, singular, called gentlemen three times and once eldergly. I would have given my this six year old a crash course. The narrator slides from rabbi to therapist to psychology professor to therapy client inside a paragraph, and routes his own material through a friend, a student, a one and a themselves. A man writing one lived essay does not do this. A man producing two eight-minute essays in a day, with help, does. The seams match across both, which tells you how they were made.
And the stance cancels against a later one. Here, May 6, he weds Torah to Freud and says we need both maps. On July 3 he argues that dragging ancient wisdom into modern psychology lobotomized virtue. The discipline he welcomes in the spring is the one he calls snake oil by summer.

‘Updating the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch on Physical Health’ (April 27, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

This article is both an academic endeavor and a personal journey. Despite being aware of the importance of health, I often fall short in making choices that honor my body’s well-being. By reexamining Siman 32 through the lens of modern health practices, I aim to inspire not only myself but also others to align our daily habits with both halachic guidance and current medical understanding.

I feel like all of his best work on this site is part of a personal journey addressed primarily to himself. This is not his best work.
Start with what the text is, because the framing hides it. Siman 32 is not ancient Jewish wisdom about the body. It is Rambam’s medical regimen from Hilchot De’os, chapter four, codified by Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried (1804-1886) into the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch. And Rambam’s regimen is the best medicine of the twelfth century, Galen by way of the Arab physicians: the natural warmth, the humors, the temperaments balanced hot against cold, the fumes that rise from oversleep. So the original column is medieval science, transmitted as halacha.
That changes how to read the thirty-two annotations. The piece grades the old text on a curve. Where the regimen lands on advice any era reaches, eat less, chew your food, walk after a meal, sleep enough, he writes validated, ancient wisdom confirmed. Where it is simply wrong, he does one of two things. He retires it in a quiet aside, bloodletting obsolete, no link between sex and eyesight. Or he retrofits it. The worst case is the fumes. The medieval text says oversleep sends harmful vapors up to the brain. He pairs this with the glymphatic system clearing beta-amyloid during sleep and calls it resonance. The resemblance is verbal. Fumes is a word that happens to sound like a finding it has nothing to do with. That is concordism, reading today’s science back into an old text so the text comes out ahead, and it is the move his own positive-psychology essay calls a lobotomy.
The deeper trouble is that he refutes himself in the introduction and does not notice. He states the right principle up front: health rulings track the best medicine of their day and update as the medicine advances. True. But that principle says to retire Siman 32’s physiology and follow your doctor, not to spend twelve minutes showing the regimen was right all along. He writes the disenchanting truth in paragraph two and re-enchants the text for thirty-two sections against it.
And the modern column is shakier than he lets on. It reads less like evidence-based medicine than like wellness-blog consensus, which is its own era’s folk medicine. Detoxification, as if the liver runs a cleanse. Resveratrol in red wine as a benefit, a claim the doses never supported and the field has walked back. The Okinawan longevity story, now under hard scrutiny for its data. So the dialogue he stages is not tradition meeting science. It is twelfth-century folk medicine paired with twenty-first-century folk medicine, both dressed as rigor, and the seams papered over with the word holistic.
Then the form. Thirty-two units, every one Original Text then Modern Insight, identical shape, the same vocabulary cycling through, mindful eating, gut microbiome, WHO one hundred fifty minutes three times over, bullet under bullet, the tidy both-honored conclusion. This is the long-form an LLM produces on request, and by the checklist he would publish eleven months later it fails on almost every line: even polish, no idiolect, template logic, generic intensity words, paragraphs that all land the same way. It is the most machine-made piece of the set, and his readers seem to have sensed it. One clap.

‘The Critical Thinker’s Toolkit: 20 Powerful Prompts for Sharper Decisions and Clearer Thinking’ (March 31, 2025)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

19. Contrarian Scenario Mapping Prompt
I’m inclined towards [preferred decision]. Outline a contrarian scenario where the opposite is plausible and beneficial.

There is nothing here, and that is the thing to notice.
Strip the byline and no trace of the man remains. No Torah, no lamdus, no voice, no Superman, no confession. Twenty stock prompts any account could have posted, and plenty have. Belief audit, devil’s advocate, opportunity cost, systems thinking, pre-mortem. These are good tools, and not one is his. The pre-mortem is Gary Klein’s (b. 1944). Opportunity cost is first-year economics. Steelmanning and second-order effects are common stock. He lists them clean and credits no one, the same borrow-without-paying I keep finding, except here there is no argument sitting on top, only the borrowed list.
This is the floor of the corpus. The consulting end taken to its limit, where the author has vanished and the word Rabbi on the byline is the only thing left of him, a brand tag on commodity output. And it is a clean specimen of the genre he would teach people to spot a year later. Powerful, sharper, clearer in the title. Universal applicability, for life and work. The frictionless close, use them regularly to cultivate a habit. Writing in threes, template logic, no idiolect, no stake. Twenty templates is template logic made literal. By his own March 2026 checklist it trips every wire. Zero claps, which reads about right.

‘Echoes of Desire: Exploring the Interplay of Mimetic Theory and Jewish Ethical Values’ (Jan. 4, 2024)

Rabbi Einhorn writes:

The communal aspect of Judaism further deepens these ethical commitments. Jewish life is inherently communal, with rituals, prayers, and festivals designed to be shared and celebrated. The concept of collective responsibility (Kol Yisrael arevim zeh bazeh) suggests that all Jews are responsible for one another, reinforcing the idea that one’s ethical obligations extend beyond the self to the community and beyond. This sense of interconnectedness fosters a community where members are accountable to each other and support and uplift each other in their ethical and spiritual journeys.

This is the baseline Einhorn. The pairing habit is here, X meets Y. The smooth template voice is here, we will jump into, as we delve into each account, the dynamics of mimetic desire. The disconnected ethics section is here. None of it was made by the crisis. The crisis only swapped the subject, from Torah-and-theory to consulting. The method was already his.
Some of this lands. Joseph and his brothers is a fair Girardian read, the favored son, the collective turn against him, the expulsion. David and Saul works too, Saul’s envy of the man the people love. And René Girard (1923-2015) gets a competent summary, mimetic desire, the scapegoat, transcendence by renouncing violence. As cross-pollination it is a respectable popular essay, and the fifteen claps fit.
But Story Two gets the heart of it backward, and a famous rabbi already wrote the version he missed. He says the Yom Kippur goat mirrors Girard’s scapegoat mechanism. It runs closer to the opposite. Girard’s scapegoat works by misrecognition: the crowd unites against a victim it believes guilty and discharges its violence while hiding that violence from itself. The azazel goat does none of this. The kohen confesses the people’s own sins aloud over it. No one thinks the goat is guilty. No crowd, no belief, no concealment, only an open admission that the sins are ours. Rabbi Jonathan Sacks (1948-2020) said it straight: the scapegoat of Acharei Mot is the precise opposite of the scapegoat as we now use the word, because the rite exists so that blaming others would never take root, we say mipnei chata-enu, because of our sins. The English word scapegoat even comes from this ritual, then drifted into meaning its reverse. So the goat and Girard’s scapegoat share a name and invert each other. That inversion was the essay. He wrote mirror and walked past it.
He uses mimetic as a dressed-up word for envy and loses what is particular to Girard, the triangle, desiring a thing because a model desires it. Envy is not yet mimetic desire until you name the mediator. And the frame demotes his own tradition, which he does not notice. Girard holds the Gospels as the place the scapegoat is finally laid bare, and the standard reading types the two Yom Kippur goats onto Jesus and Judas, with the Hebrew Bible as the preparation. A rabbi reaching for Girard to show Judaism transcends mimetic violence is borrowing a frame that seats Judaism below Christianity. In the Freud essay he rigged the theory down to let Torah win. Here he adopts a theory rigged to make Torah lose, and says nothing.
The fourth section drifts off the topic. A wall of rich ethical framework, robust commitment, intricately connected, asserting that communal values are the antidote to mimesis without showing how, and forgetting that in Girard the community is the engine of the scapegoat. Solidarity can sharpen the knife.

Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn, His Own Cooler

Erving Goffman (1922-1982) took the phrase from the con. In the confidence game the victim is the mark. A team ropes him in, takes his money, and walks. One man stays behind. His job is not to steal. The theft is done. His job is to keep the mark quiet, to sit with him after the loss and help him find a story he can live with, so he does not run to the police or make a scene. Goffman called this man the cooler, and the work cooling the mark out.

Then he did the thing that made the essay last. He said the con is only the clearest case. The work goes on everywhere. Every time a man loses a status he counted on, the job, the rank, the marriage, the place at the head of the room, someone has to help him take up the smaller self that is left, and take it up without blowing his top. The employer eases the worker out with a softer title. The family lets the failure call it a fresh start. It comes to the same thing every time. A defeated man needs a face to keep, and cooling is the giving of that face.

Sometimes there is no cooler on hand. Then the man cools himself.

That is Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn. The line is already written, in his own hand. I didn’t change careers, I expanded my toolkit. That is the cooler’s sentence, spoken by the mark to the mark. A man at ease with a clean move does not reach for it. You reach for that line when something was taken and you need a way to stand up from the table without the room seeing how much you left on it.

What was taken, I cannot tell you, and I will not invent it. The loss is his to name, not mine to guess. He names it himself, weeks after the toolkit line, in the Tanya essay. Professional failure. Personal loss. Everything fell apart. That is the mark before he is cooled, the truth leaking out before the story reseals it. Read the two voices in order and you watch the cooling happen. In May the toolkit expands and the move is forward and chosen. In June, for a paragraph, the loss is named. Then the public voice returns and does not name it again. The cooler wins.

The front he builds is a managed thing, and Goffman hands you the tools to see it. In The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life he calls the part a man shows the room the front, the setting and the title and the manner that announce who he is. Einhorn’s front is the byline. Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn rides every essay, the data-scraping piece and the cartoon piece and the outrage piece, and it does the front’s work. It carries the old prestige into the new room. It lets a consultant speak about web scraping with the authority of the beit midrash. Front stage, the confident voice, the lightbulb that explodes, the eight tools, the founder and CEO. Back stage, the scatter, the many doors tried in a year, the essays produced faster than a man can live them, the grandmother who turns into a he four lines on. The seams show because the front runs at speed. A managed front always keeps a back room, and his is visible at the edges.

Goffman asked of every performer whether he believes his own front. The cynic knows it is a show. The sincere man has taken his own part for the truth. Einhorn is the sincere one, and this is the heart of it. He runs no con on his readers. He is the mark and the cooler in one body, and he believes the cooling. That belief is what makes the arrangement hold, and it is also what keeps it honest in the only way that counts. A man who talks himself into a livable story is doing what almost every defeated man does, and Goffman did not sneer at it. He thought cooling was among the kinder things people do for one another, and the kindest thing a man can do for himself.

But watch what kind of cooling this is. The ordinary cooler helps the mark accept a smaller self. Step down, take the lateral move, call it enough. Einhorn’s cooling does more than shrink the claim. It raises it. He does not grant that he came down. He tells the room he went up, out ahead of Silicon Valley, the rabbi who saw that the Talmud was the training manual for the machine. That is a heavier lift than the usual face-saving. To cool a man into a quieter life is one thing. To cool him into believing he rose when he fell takes constant work, and the work shows. The front has to be propped higher than the ground supports. The overconfidence about the machine, the citations that run a little off, the guide to spotting AI prose written in the voice that guide would flag, these are the costs of holding a front pitched above its footing. A modest cooling needs little upkeep. A triumphant one needs a new essay every week.

There is a second room Goffman points to, the audience. Cooling is not finished when the mark accepts the story. The room has to accept it too. A face is something others grant. And here the record speaks. When Einhorn writes as the rabbi, the sukkah, the Tanya, the gemara on dignity, the readers grant the face. Twenty claps, twenty-one. When he writes as the founder, the consultant, the AI man, the room goes quiet. One clap. Zero. The audience keeps him on as the teacher and declines to ratify him as the seer of Silicon Valley. The cooling works on himself and stalls with the crowd. He has talked himself into the new status. He has not talked them into it, and their silence is the part of the performance he cannot stage.

So the Goffman reading lands soft and hard at once. Soft, because cooling oneself out is no crime and no weakness. It is how a man keeps his feet after the floor goes. The toolkit line is no lie. It is the face he needs, and needing a face is the most human thing there is. Hard, because the face he chose is pitched too high, and a face pitched too high has to be defended against the facts, which is exhausting, and which pulls a man off the one thing he does that the room still claps for.

The cooler’s best counsel to this mark would run quieter than the one he gave himself. You do not have to say you rose. You can say you lost the pulpit and are building something smaller and new, and that the learning was the best of you and is still yours to give. That face costs less to keep. It needs no machine to prop it, no weekly proof. And it would let the lamdus back in, the work the room has been telling him all along it wants. The mark who claims he climbed must guard the claim forever. The mark who grants the fall, and keeps his dignity in the granting, is the one who is finished being cooled, and free to work.

Rabbi Shlomo Einhorn and the Exchange Rate

Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) saw money as only one kind of wealth. A man can hold cultural capital, the learning in his head and the diplomas on his wall. He can hold social capital, the network that returns his calls. He can hold symbolic capital, the honor a field grants to those it counts as worthy. And the forms convert. Cultural capital becomes economic when the degree lands the job. Symbolic capital becomes economic when the name on the door brings the clients. But the conversion is never free and never clean. Each form trades against the others at a rate, and the rate is set by the field a man stands in. Carry your wealth across a field’s border and the rate can turn against you.

Einhorn’s career is one long conversion.

Start with the fortune he built. Twenty-three years in the pulpit by his own count, twelve as dean of Yavneh, semicha from a serious seminary, and in 2021 the Yadin Yadin, the advanced ordination that seats a man on a rabbinic court. A book. Three albums. Two marathon lectures that ran past the clock and into the record books. A think tank handed to him by the Orthodox Union. In the religious field this is a large estate, and most of it sits in the durable forms, the learning embodied over decades and the titles that fix it in place.

Note what the lectures already did. An eighteen-hour class raised money, a nineteen-hour class raised more, and the field blessed the act because the conversion ran the sanctioned way, his symbolic capital turned into cash for the institution, not for him. The religious field permits that. It permits the rabbi to raise a fortune for the school. It frowns on the rabbi who raises one for himself. Hold that rule. It returns.

The title is the asset that travels. Bourdieu called the credential institutionalized cultural capital, the form that takes the learning out of one man’s head and stamps it into a portable certificate with a known rate. Rabbi. The word rides every essay he now posts, the ones on the Talmud and the ones on web scraping and customer-service automation, the ones with no Torah in them at all. The byline is the title doing its work, carrying the honor of the old field into the new room. When a consultant writes about data pipelines under the word Rabbi, the title is the thing he spends.

Then comes the border, and the discount. The business field runs on its own currency. It pays for shipped results, for client returns, for competence other men can measure. The rabbinic title buys a little there, novelty and a little trust, the meeting taken out of curiosity. It does not command the room the way it commanded the sanctuary. So he does what a man does when his strong currency weakens at the border. He tries to set his own rate. He makes the religious capital the product. Torah-guided AI. The Talmud as the training manual for the machine. The rabbi who understood the machine from the inside of an ancient text before he used it. The move is an attempt to make his own currency legal tender in a field that did not mint it. Whether the field honors the rate is the open question, and the early signs answer it. The practice, by his own telling, started on clients sent his way by generous people, the network passing him work. That is social capital converting into economic capital, the old congregation and its goodwill paying out, while the brand does less of the lifting than the brand claims.

Habitus is the next cost, and the deepest. Bourdieu meant by it the set of dispositions a field presses into a man until they run without thought, the feel for the game. The beit midrash pressed its game into Einhorn for thirty years. The pairing of a sacred text with a secular one. The derush that finds a teaching in a pop song. The homiletic turn that lands a paragraph on a lift of feeling. In the religious field these reflexes were capital. They filled rooms and sold books. Carried into the business field they read as fluff, the ornament a client skims to reach the deliverable. Bourdieu had a word for the lag, hysteresis, the habitus tuned to a field that no longer holds, the man playing the old game by reflex on a board with new rules. The citation slips and the easy confidence about the machine are the same lag. The feel for the sugya is not the feel for the system, and a man fluent in one can mistake himself for fluent in the other, because the dispositions do not announce that they have crossed a border.

There is a tax the religious field levies that he carries with him, and here his training helps. That field rests on disinterest, on the refusal to price the holy. The rabbi must not look as though he sells. So the commercial, when it comes, has to be dressed. Watch the Mallacore rewards program arrive in the language of hakaras hatov, gratitude, the gift, four named tiers of referral commission wrapped in the vocabulary of thanks. Bourdieu called this the disavowal of the economic, the labor by which a field that lives on money refuses to name it, the transaction performed as a favor. Einhorn does it well because the religious field trained him in it for decades. The disavowal is the one piece of the old habitus that converts at par, because the business field, too, likes its money dressed.

Step back and the whole move has a name inside Bourdieu’s sociology of religion. He divided the religious field, after Weber (1864-1920), into roles. The priest administers settled grace inside an institution, salaried, housed, his authority underwritten by the church that employs him. The prophet brings an original word from outside, in a time of rupture, and must charismatize his own authority because no institution stands behind him. The sorcerer sells discrete services to a private clientele. The dean of Yavneh was a priest. He held a chair, drew a salary, spoke with the institution’s weight behind every word. Outside it he becomes the sorcerer, selling services one client at a time, his authority no longer underwritten by the school but staked fresh each morning on his own performance. The river of Medium essays is the labor of a man recharismatizing himself each day, manufacturing by output the standing the institution once supplied by fact.

Capital does convert, a man may spend what he earned, and there is no shame in turning a life of learning into a living. The truth he manages is the rate. The title that ruled the sanctuary buys novelty at the office door. The habitus that was mastery now reads as ornament. The practice leans on the network more than on the name it puts forward. Bourdieu’s lesson holds without mercy and without malice: the worth of what you carry depends on the ground you stand on, and a fortune in one currency can be a small sum across the border.

There is one field where his capital still trades at par, where the learning is the coin and the page is the market and the audience pays him in the attention he can still command. The estate is real. It is in Torah.

‘A Big Misunderstanding’

David Pinsof has a complaint about intellectuals. They blame the world’s troubles on misunderstanding. Polarization, bigotry, war, unhappiness, all of it a comprehension problem, and all of it curable by the people whose trade is comprehension. Pinsof finds this story too flattering to trust. If every trouble is a misunderstanding, then the men who sell understanding are saving the world by getting up in the morning. He offers a colder account. People are savvy animals who grasp what they have an incentive to grasp. Stupidity is strategic. Advice is mostly bullshit. And the trouble with us is seldom bad beliefs. It is bad motives, dressed in good ones, which we confuse with the real thing the way a customer confuses the Starbucks mission statement with the drive to book profit.

Hold that up to Einhorn and the fit is close, because Einhorn is in the understanding business.

Look at what he sells. LomdAI rests on a comprehension gap. The Talmud is hard, learners cannot follow it, and the machine will decode it for them. The twenty-prompt toolkit rests on a comprehension gap. Your decisions are poor because you have not audited your assumptions, so here are the audits. The mussar essays rest on a comprehension gap. You are unhappy because you misread the Tanya or skipped your cheshbon hanefesh, and the right prompt will set you straight. Then the same gap moves to the office. Businesses misunderstand AI, and Shpait will teach them to think with it, to ask better questions. Every product is the same product. The trouble is that you do not understand, and the cure is a man who does. Pinsof’s myth, sold by the unit.

This is a fine thing to sell, because it makes the seller important. The fixer, the bridge, the decoder. Pinsof’s intellectual, saving the galaxy one bias at a time.

The frame’s main tool is the gap between stated motive and actual motive. Einhorn’s stated motives sit on the surface in mission-statement prose. Make ancient wisdom alive. Help people flourish. Transform your business through Torah-guided innovation. Invite audiences to live more consciously. Pinsof does not call this lying. He calls it the story we tell over the thing we are doing, and he says we believe the story, which leaves us no less savvy underneath. Under the prose the frame names the usual goals, status, resources, coalition. The record-setting lecture and the top-young-rabbi laurel are status. The consulting fee and the lifetime-commission rewards program are resources. The defense of Israel and the rallying of the observant are coalition. None of this needs him to be a fraud. The savvy runs beneath the sincerity, the way it runs beneath all of ours.

Watch one move, because Pinsof drew the template for it. The Mallacore rewards program pays referral commissions on four named tiers, and it arrives wrapped in the word hakaras hatov, gratitude. That is the mission statement laid over the profit, the sweetie signal on the competitive act, and the man means the gratitude while the commission does its work. Pinsof expects this. He thinks we all talk this way, and that the talk is a weapon we do not know we are holding.

Now the strategic-stupidity test, which is the sharpest thing the frame does to him. Pinsof says people understand what pays them to understand and stay foggy where the fog pays better. So read the errors by their location. On the page where he learns, the gemara, the Tanya, the Ramchal, his reading runs deep and mostly right. That is his strength, and he has every incentive to get it right, and he does. Move to the AI claims and the citations that prop them, and the errors gather, the overconfidence about what the machine can do, the sources that sit a little off. The frame does not read these as honest gaps in a man doing his best. It asks what he has an incentive to grasp. The market for a Torah-and-AI sage pays for confident bridging, not for accuracy about the bridge. To understand the machine’s limits too well would spoil the product. So the fog collects where the fog pays. He is not failing to understand the machine. He understands as much about it as his position rewards, and no more.

Then advice, which Pinsof calls mostly bullshit. Einhorn runs an advice shop, unlock your potential, master AI in one-on-one sessions, twenty prompts for sharper thinking. The frame predicts such advice does little for the people who take it and a great deal for the man who gives it, and the corpus bears the prediction out. The pieces that cast him as sage, the consulting and the toolkits, are the ones the readers pass over. The lamdus he half-discounts as the old work is the one thing the room pays him for in attention. Even the audience, savvy animals too, has sorted the effective advice from the bullshit by the oldest method there is. They show up for one and not the other. The advice is effective, in Pinsof’s sense. It serves its actual goal, the giver’s standing, while missing the stated one.

Reading a man this way, as a savvy primate selling a flattering cure, is a status move by the reader. It lets me feel sharp at his expense, which is the cynic’s version of the intellectual’s halo. The cynic is a hierarchical animal too, and the dunk pays the dunker. So I will not pretend the cold reading floats above the thing it describes. It does not. It competes in the same marketplace.

And it leaves Einhorn where Pinsof leaves all of us, in the hole. After the loss at Yavneh he produces understanding at speed, essay on essay, framework on framework, a man studying the hole he stands in down to the last molecule of dirt. The frame says the studying will not lift him out, because his trouble is not a misunderstanding either. He can explain the value of the bridge in a hundred posts, and the market still will not pay what he asks for the title, and the readers still will not click the consulting, because they have no incentive to, and no number of clearer explanations changes an incentive. The one misunderstanding in the whole picture is the one he holds about himself. That if he explains it better, the world will come. Pinsof’s line lands on him last. The world does not want to be saved, and it does not want the bridge, and it will not say so to his face. It will go quiet in the clap count instead.

There is a place where the savvy thing and the true thing meet, and it is the page where he learns. There his stated motive and his actual motive run together. He studies the text because it pays him and because it is so, and the room rewards the studying because the studying is real. That is the one corner of the business where nobody is sold a cure, because nothing there needs curing. Everywhere else he sells understanding, which Pinsof says is the one thing that was never the problem, and so was never going to be the fix.

David Pinsof: ‘Bullshit Advice’

David Pinsof writes:

Here’s a list of problems with the idea that advice is purely about helping us:

A lot of advice is baseless, but we want it anyways. We seek advice from famous actors on politics or the meaning of life, even though they’re not economists or philosophers. We gobble up Einstein’s vague advice about happiness, even though he wasn’t a psychologist.

A lot of advice is one-size-fits-all, even though people are different. “Be kind to yourself” is good advice for a perfectionist but bad advice for a narcissist. “Believe in yourself” is good advice if you’re talented but bad advice if you suck.

Much advice centers on goals we don’t really have—for example, how to be happy (even though happiness is bullshit), how to express your authentic self (even though authenticity is bullshit), or how to make the world a better place (even though we don’t really care about that).

Advice is rarely focused on the goals we actually have. For example, here’s what the self-help section might look like if it was focused on our real goals:

  • Zen and the Art of Social Climbing

  • Echo-Friendly: 10 Steps to Ensconcing Yourself in a Cocoon of Ideological Conformity and Motivated Reasoning

  • The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Virtue Signalers

  • The Lips 2 Butt Method: Take Control of Your Life by Sycophantically Ingratiating Yourself with High-Status People

  • Own It: Keep Rival Male’s Sperm out of Your Mate’s Vagina

  • You Can Do It! How to Harness the Power of Moral Ambiguity and Plausible Deniability to Rationalize Your Fucked-Up Behavior

  • Eat, Pray, Confabulate

  • A lot of advice is nearly impossible to follow. “Don’t be afraid of failure.” “Be happy with who you are.” But emotions are typically involuntary.

  • A lot of advice applies to all moments, even though moments are different.

  • Pinsof has a test for advice. Helpful advice needs two things. The man giving it has to know your situation, and he has to have a stake in how you come out. Your brother has both. Your lawyer has both. Almost nobody else does. The stranger with the listicle knows neither your life nor cares how your life goes, and so his advice, however bright it sounds, is grooming. Primates pick dirt from each other’s fur, and the picking once kept them clean, but it runs now on rank and alliance, the low grooming the high, the flow of it tracking the social map more than the dirt. Advice works the same. Easier to guess who advises whom from the hierarchy than from who needs instruction. Advice is mostly the social ritual wearing the costume of help.

    Einhorn gives advice for a living. Run him through the two conditions.

    Take the first, knowledge of your situation. His advice goes out to everyone, which means it fits no one. Twenty prompts for sharper thinking, addressed to the whole internet. Unlock your potential, sold to any reader who clicks. Master AI in a one-on-one session, the session standardized. Pinsof calls the one-size advice the tell, good for the perfectionist and poison for the narcissist, and handed to both without a glance. The twenty-prompt toolkit is the purest case. It cannot know you. It was written for no one in particular and so for nobody.

    Take the second, a stake in how you come out. The consultant draws his fee at the engagement, not at your success a year on. The blogger is paid in clicks the moment you arrive, whatever you carry away. Neither has skin in your outcome. And here the arc of his career gives it away. The pulpit rabbi and the dean had something near both conditions. He knew the congregant by name, sat with the family, carried a real stake in the child he taught for years. That advice could help, because the conditions held. The move to Medium and the consulting deck is the move out of both at once, from the man who knows you and is bound to you, to the man who knows the crowd and is bound to the invoice. His advice did not get worse because he got worse. It got worse because he stopped meeting the two conditions that ever made advice more than a groom.

    So what is the advice for, if not for you. Pinsof lists the uses, and Einhorn’s output runs the menu.

    It signals that he stands above you. The sage who saw the machine coming, the rabbi who read the future in an old page. Every piece of counsel carries the line underneath, I know and you do not, and the byline says it before the first sentence.

    It flatters you back. Pinsof’s circle. The reader of an Einhorn piece has boundless potential, beautiful goals, a life waiting to be unlocked, and the power to grow at will. The critics of such a reader are haters. You ask the rabbi how to be wise, he tells you how wise you already are, and both of you leave groomed.

    It rationalizes. Pinsof points the finger at consulting by name, and the finger lands. Consulting justifies what the client meant to do before he called. A business that wants AI for the usual reasons, lower cost, fewer staff, more scraped data, can buy from Einhorn the same plan wrapped in Torah and ethics, a permission slip with a blessing on it. The vagueness is the feature. Think with AI, ask better questions, advice loose enough to fit any agenda the client already holds. Pinsof says the vaguer the advice, the easier to bend it to the thing you wanted. Einhorn’s is vapor, and vapor takes any shape.

    It cements the tribe. Counsel on defending Israel, on living observant in a secular age, on raising children inside the tradition, runs along the lines of coalition like aid shipped to an ally. The advice says we share the values before it says anything else. And the Mallacore referral plan, four tiers paying lifetime commission, turns the grooming into a comp structure, the passing of clients made the way you climb, rank bought by the flow of favors. Pinsof said the grooming tracks the alliance map. Einhorn drew the map and priced it.

    Now the honest tax, because the frame bites the hand that holds it. This essay is a groom. Reading a man’s advice as a status ritual is a status ritual, the critic preening his nose for bullshit, signaling to the readers who share the taste that we see through the things the marks fall for. Literary criticism is high primate grooming with footnotes. I have no big stake in Einhorn’s outcome, of if I did, I wouldn’t tell you, I like the man, I admire the man, I am grateful to the man, I admire some of his work, I want only good things for him and his but he’s not family and he’s not among my five closest friends, and if he were, I wouldn’t tell you, and I have no knowledge of his situation past his published words, which by Pinsof’s own test makes any counsel I might offer him one more groom in the pile.

    So I will not give it. Pinsof ends his piece by refusing the call to action, the hollow uplift the thinkpiece bolts on to flatter the reader on the way out, and the refusal is the one part of his method that fits Einhorn like a key. The crescendo of bullshit advice is the Einhorn close. Every essay lands on the lift, use these each day, live more consciously, grow, the frictionless groom at the end of the page. The shape of his work is the shape Pinsof mocks, counsel rising to a takeaway that entails no act anyone can name.

    I could end mine the way the others ended, with a quiet word about the path back, the page where his learning is real, the kinder thing he might do. That is a groom too. So here is no takeaway. He will do what he was going to do, which is give advice, because that is the trade, and you will take the advice you were going to take, and the fur gets picked either way.

    The Energy in the Room

    Sociologist Randall Collins (b. 1941) built a whole sociology out of a small unit, the interaction ritual. Put people in a room. Let them attend to the same thing, feel the same mood, fall into the same rhythm, with a line drawn around them that says who is in. When that goes well the bodies sync, the mood climbs, and three things come out. The group feels like a group. The symbols at the center, the text, the flag, the song, soak up the charge and carry it. And each man walks out with what Collins called emotional energy, a battery of confidence and drive that lasts until the next ritual tops it up or fails to. Life is a chain of these rooms. The energy runs along the chain. Men drift toward the rooms that charge them and away from the ones that drain. Take away the room, the bodies, the rhythm, and the energy falls. There is no charging a battery alone at a desk.

    This explains Einhorn better than anything said about him so far, because it explains the one thing the other readings only label. The quality curve.

    His old life was a long chain of high-energy rooms. The beit midrash first, bodies bent over the same daf, the barrier of the observant drawn tight around them, the focus locked on a line of Aramaic, the mood rising as the argument rises, two men trading the sugya back and forth until the thing catches. The shiur, a rabbi and a crowd, the rhythm of question and answer, the niggun, the l’chaim. The pulpit, the same on a larger floor. And at the top of the scale, the marathon lectures, eighteen hours, nineteen hours, a hall held for a day and a night by one man’s voice, the money climbing as the energy climbs, Collins’s collective charge stretched past the limit and not breaking. Einhorn was a master of the room. The reputation says it straight. He filled halls, he reached the bored teenager, the room came alive when he worked it. In Collins’s terms that gift has a name. He was an energy star, a man others sought out because nearness to him charged them. Charisma was the energy he could raise in a room of other people.

    The symbols took the charge and held it. Torah, the daf, the chag, dignity, the chain of transmission. Decades of live rituals soaked those symbols until they ran hot, and the heat stored in them and in his trained body. So when he writes lamdus now, alone, the page still carries current, because he draws on a battery the assembly charged over thirty years. The gemara piece, the Tanya piece, the sukkah piece, they live because the symbols in them are still warm from the room.

    Then 2024, and the chain breaks. He leaves Yavneh, and Yavneh was the engine, the place that assembled the bodies every morning. He moves to Medium and a desk he sits at alone. Run the four conditions against that desk and every one reads zero. No bodies in the room. No line drawn around a group. No other face to focus with. No shared mood, because there is no one to share it. Collins held that talk across a wire runs cooler than talk in a room, because the rhythm needs bodies close enough to feel, and a man typing to no one has no rhythm to catch at all. The consulting essays come out of that desk, and they are about symbols, rails and decision-intelligence and the machine, that no ritual ever charged. No stored heat, no live room, nothing to draw on. So the prose runs flat. The theory called it before we read a word.

    The claps are the reading on the meter. A reader feels the energy in a piece the way a man feels the warmth coming off a room he walks into. The Torah pieces still throw heat, and the room of readers feels it and answers, twenty claps, twenty-one. The consulting pieces are cold, and the readers feel that too, and pass on. The clap count is not a measure of argument. It is a measure of charge, and the charge tracks the source, hot where the symbols were made in assembly, cold where they were picked up off a website.

    Now the part that gives the whole thing away, his reach for rails. Read his recent fixations as the acts of a man who lost his chain and is trying to build another. The pieces on live ritual forming online. The talk of rails, channels cut to carry energy and attention. LomdAI above all, a virtual beit midrash, a study partner on call at every hour. That last one is the confession. He is trying to rebuild the room in software, to put the chevruta back together out of code, because some part of him knows the room was where the energy came from and the room is gone. The instinct is right and the medium fails him. A machine on call can hold your focus, maybe, but it brings no body, draws no circle, shares no mood. It is focus without the other three conditions, and focus alone does not charge the battery. He is engineering a cold copy of a thing that only ran hot because it was warm with people.

    And the velocity fits the same reading. A man whose battery is draining pedals harder. Essay after essay, framework after framework, output standing in for the charge that output cannot give, because writing alone is not an interaction ritual and never throws off what the room threw off. The volume climbs while the energy sinks, the surest sign of a chain that has come apart.

    Emotional energy is a description and not a sin. The gift was real. It was social, made in rooms full of people, and the loss is not of talent but of the rituals that powered the talent. His best work was never the solo act. It was the energy of the room moving through him and out onto the page, and a man cannot type his way back to a current that only the assembly puts out. The symbols are still warm. The rooms are still standing. The battery charges in one place, and it is not the desk.

    The Beliefs That Pay

    Stephen P. Turner (b. 1951) spent a career taking the air out of big words. Norms, culture, shared understanding, the things social theory leans on, he kept asking what work they do and whether they earn their keep, and he kept finding that many of them survive because they are useful, not because they are true. A convenient belief is one a man holds because holding it pays. It greases his path, secures his standing, settles a tension he would rather not feel. Turner’s sharp point is the next one. We do not file these beliefs under convenient. We file them under true, or under what any reasonable man sees, or under what the experts know. The convenience hides behind the robes of knowledge. And the belief gets held with full sincerity, because the man experiences it as true.

    Run Einhorn’s corpus through this.

    Start with the test. Ask of a belief, would he hold it if it cost him. The beliefs that pass, the ones he would keep even when they bring him nothing, sit on one side. His close readings of the gemara, the Ramchal, the Tanya. He held those when they paid him a dean’s salary and he would hold them broke, because the learning is a thing he loves apart from its yield. Notice that these are also his most accurate pages. On the other side sit the beliefs that vanish the instant they stop paying. That the Talmud is the training manual for the machine. That the old health code already knew the new science. That the move out of Yavneh was an expansion and not a fall. That the prompt can stand in for the cheshbon hanefesh. Each of these earns him something, a product, a bridge, a face, a fee, and each would evaporate the day it stopped earning. Turner’s sort runs clean down the middle of the man, and the convenient side is the flat side.

    Now the stitching. A convenient belief recruits its evidence, and when the evidence will not come, the convenient version gets cited anyway. So the errors have a direction. Look back at the citation slips. The Maharal bent toward the point he was selling. The Yom Kippur goat read as the modern scapegoat when the tradition makes it the reverse. The verse on self-love hung on Ramban, who read it the other way. Teshvu turned to mean its opposite. These are not scattered. Each mistake leans the way his interest leans, toward the bridge, toward the synthesis, toward the reading that lets the ancient text shake hands with the modern one and lets him broker the deal. A man making honest errors errs in all directions. A man holding convenient beliefs errs in one. The slips are not noise. They are the fingerprints of the convenience, pressed into the text where the truth would not fit.

    Then the laundering. Einhorn does not say it is useful to me to believe the Talmud trains the machine. He says the Talmud is the training manual, a flat claim about how the world is, and under it a soft command, this is what you would see if you were wise. The convenient belief comes dressed as objective fact and as a norm binding on the reader. Turner spent years watching that costume change, the slide from useful to me over to true and incumbent on you, and he taught that the costume tends to be expertise. Here the costume has a name on it. Rabbi. The byline certifies the convenient belief, turns a thing that pays into a thing that is known, lends the authority banked in the old field to the claim made in the new one. The Yadin Yadin, the decades, the record-setting hours, all of it stands behind the sentence and says trust this. The credential does not make the belief true. It makes the convenience hard to see.

    Convenient does not mean false. Some of these beliefs may be true. Dignity might rest on something other than position after all, and the sages might have grasped a thing the doctors later named. The frame does not rule on the truth of the belief. It asks why this belief, held this hard, by this man, at this hour, and it answers that the timing tracks the need. The dignity teaching rises in him just as his position falls. The Talmud-trains-AI belief arrives just as he has AI to sell. The beliefs arrive on the schedule of his interests, which is the tell, whatever their truth.

    I should grant that the frame is convenient for me too. Calling a man’s beliefs convenient lets me wave away what I do not like without meeting it on the merits, and that is a belief that pays the critic. So I have tried to meet the merits, the cited texts, the direction of the errors, the timing, rather than rest on the label. The frame earns its keep here only if the seams are real, and the seams are checkable. Go check them.

    What the sort leaves standing is the same thing every reading of this man keeps leaving standing. There is a body of belief he holds because it is so, and would hold for nothing, and it is the learning. There is a body of belief he holds because it pays, and would drop the day the pay stopped, and it is most of what he has built since. The first is true whether or not it is convenient. The second is convenient whether or not it is true. A man is known by which pile he is adding to, and for thirty years he added to the first. The question the frame leaves on the table is which pile gets the next page.

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